【摘要】 为掌握小型西瓜生长发育规律,采用分期抽样和定量检测方法,对黄小玉、红小玉生长过程中生育期、干物质积累、养分的吸收分配和果实品质变化进行了研究。结果表明,夏季播种小型西瓜的全生育期为89~93 d;干物质累积速度以第一雌花出现、果实膨大初期和果实膨大后期为最快,干物质量分别占植株最后干物质量的36.06%~40.05%和92.55%~97.34%;小型西瓜吸收的养分中氮>钾>磷,吸收氮和磷最多的是第一雌花出现到果实膨大初期,吸收钾最多的是第一雌花出现到果实膨大后期,氮在叶、磷在叶和果、钾在茎和果分配最多;坐果后,果实可溶性固形物一直处于积累状态,到成熟时,红小玉和黄小玉分别达到11.3%和12.67%,果实中硝酸盐一直处于下降趋势,亚硝酸盐含量无较大变化,维持在无公害限量标准以内。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to know the growth and development of mini watermelon,the sampling by stages and method of quantitative analysis were taken.In this article,the development stage,dry matter accumulation,nutrient absorption and distribution,fruit quality changes during growth stage of Huang Xiaoyu and Hong Xiaoyu were studied.The results showed that mini watermelon’s development stage was 89-93 days in summer,dry matter accumulation started at the first pistillate flowering and the fastest stages were in the fruit expanding and after fruit expanding,the dry matter amount occupied 36.06 %-40.05 % and 92.55 %-97.34 % in total dry matter amount respectively in this time.The nutrient absorption of mini watermelon was nitrogen > potassium > phosphorous,the largest nitrogen and phosphorous absorption amount were from first pistillate flowering to the early days of fruit expanding,the largest potassium absorption amount was from first pistillate flowering to late days of fruit expanding,the largest nitrogen distribution amount was in leaf,the largest phosphorous distribution amount was in leaf and fruit,the largest potassium distribution amount was in stem and fruit;the soluble solids in fruit was at accumulating status after setting,the soluble solids in Hong Xiaoyu and Huang Xiaoyu reached 11.3 % and 12.67 % respectively at maturation,the content of nitrate in fruit was downtrend,the content of nitrite in fruit had no great change and was within the limit of friendly food standards.更多还原