【摘要】 目的:根据体脂百分比回归优选方程,正确了解大学生的肥胖程度和健康状况。方法:实验于2004-11/2005-01在衡阳师范学院完成。随机数字表法选取衡阳师范学院在校大学生142人,其中体育专业男69人,女25人;非体育专业男25人,女23人。①测定大学生身高(m)和体质量(kg),根据体质量/身高2计算身体质量指数。②用无弹性的卷尺测量腰围和臀围,测量数值应精确到mm。测量腰围时,把卷尺放置于肚脐水平处,并在呼气结束时测量;测量臀围时,把卷尺放在臀部的最大周长处测量。完成测量后,用腰围除以臀围得出腰臀比。③以腰臀比和身体质量指数作为自变量,建立以大学生体脂百分比为因变量的多种回归方程,然后进行筛选并检验信度。回归方程建立后,大学生的体脂百分比可以根据优选方程估算。结果:①大学生体脂百分比的方差分析:专业因素、性别因素对体脂百分比均有非常显著性影响(P均<0.01),但二者之间无交互效应(P>0.05)。相对专业因素而言,性别对体脂百分比影响较大。专业因素、性别因素的观测功效值均达到1,证明本实验所取样本数目已经足够。②体脂百分比与身体质量指数、腰臀比的相关分析:身体质量指数不是决定体育专业大学生体脂百分比的主要因素,且对于体育专业学生误差较大。而运用腰臀比推测体脂百分比明显优于身体质量指数,且适用范围也较广。③体脂百分比回归方程的优选:体育专业男大学生体脂百分比优选回归方程为$=-66.707+99.951x,女为$=558.016-1472.6x+1003.68x2。非体育专业男大学生体脂百分比优选回归方程为$=-24.899-19.842x+87.4655x2,女为$=-43.506+59.55x+1.052×身体质量指数。结论:以腰臀比和身体质量指数作为自变量,以大学生体脂百分比为因变量建立多种回归方程,然后进行筛选并检验信度,大学生的体脂百分比可以方便有效地根据优选方程进行估算。更多还原

【Abstract】 AIM: To accurately realize the obesity extent and health status of college students based on the optimized regressive equations of body fat percentage.METHODS: The experiment was conducted in Hengyang Normal University between November 2004 and January 2005. Totally 142 students of Hengyang Normal University were randomly selected including professional exercise students: 69 males and 25 females; non-professional students: 25 males and 23 females. ①The height (m) and boby mass (kg) of the students were measured and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated based on the formula: body mass/ the square of height. ②Inelastic tapeline was used to measure the waist perimeter and hip perimeter (precision: mm). The tapeline was localized at navel level to read the waist perimeter at the end of exhalation; the hip perimeter was read when tapeline was localized at the maximal perimeter level of hip. The ratio of waist perimeter to hip perimeter (WHR) was calculated. ③Assorted regressive equations were established with body fat percentage as dependent variable, WHR and BMI as independent variables. Selection and test of reliability were applied in these equations. Based on the optimal equations, body fat percentage of college students could be estimated conveniently.RESULTS: ①ANOVA of body fat percentage of college students: Specialty and gender factors had significant effects on body fat percentage (P < 0.01), but had no interactions (P > 0.05). Gender had more significant effect on body fat percentage than specialty. The test power of specialty and gender factors were both 1, indicating that the number of subjects was enough in this research. ②Correlation analysis of body fat percentage, BMI and WHR: BMI was not the main factor that influenced the body fat percentage of college students, and it could result in more errors when estimating body fat percentage. However, WHR was superior to and more applicable than BMI in estimating body fat percentage. ③Optimized selection of regressive equations: For the professional exerciser students: Male:  = -66.707+99.951x, Female:  = 558.016-1 472.6x+1 003.68 x2. For the non-professional students: Male:  = -24.899-19.842x +87.465 5 x2, Female: = -43.506+59.55x+1.052×BMI.CONCLUSION: Assorted regressive equations are established with body fat percentage as dependent variable, WHR and BMI as independent variables, followed by selection and test of reliability. Based on the optimal equations, body fat percentage of college students can be estimated conveniently and effectively.更多还原