【摘要】 胎儿中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)是人类巨细胞病毒(human cytomegalovirus,HCMV)先天性感染的主要靶器官。胚胎期CMV感染常常导致严重CNS畸形的发生,其前提条件是CNS中的神经前体(干)细胞、神经元及神经胶质细胞对CMV普遍易感。发育期CNS感染CMV具有以下特点:⑴神经系统细胞对CMV的容纳性在CNS的不同发育阶段有所不同;⑵受累的细胞数随着发育的进展而增多;⑶CNS不同部位的细胞对CMV的敏感性存在明显的差异;⑷感染发生时细胞所处细胞周期的时相也与感染严重程度密切相关。CMV感染能诱导宿主细胞特异性的染色体折断,影响Homeobox基因(胚胎发育的主控基因)的表达,进而阻断细胞周期(G1期滞留)、诱导细胞凋亡,导致CNS细胞数量减少与迁徙异常,最终导致C N S发育畸形。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fetal central nervous system(CNS) is the main target organ of congenital human cytomegalovirus(HCMV) infection.And this infection in embryo can lead to severe CNS anomalies.In the CNS,the permissive-ness of the neural stem cells,neurons and glial cells to CMV is the precondition determining the degree of the congenital CNS anomalies.We can summarize several characteristics of the infection: first,the permissiveness of the developing brain cells to CMV differes;second,the number of the infected cells increases obviously with the develepment of the brain;third,the susceptibility of the CNS to CMV is different in different parts of the CNS;and finally when infected,the phase in the cell cycle is also a vital factor affecting the severity of the infection.CMV infection can induce specific chromosome breakages,thereby affecting Homeobox genes ex-pression in host cell,causing cell cycle arrest,and leading to cell apoptosis.These changes would decrease the number of normal nerve cells and result in mis-migration of the cells and finally cause malformation of CNS.更多还原