【摘要】 目的通过对我市所辖四个区开展鼠疫宿主动物及媒介调查,了解我市是否存在鼠间鼠疫疫情。方法鼠疫宿主动物调查采用笼日法;采集全部活鼠鼠体表蚤鉴定后分类;采用鼠疫间接血球凝集试验(IHA)查鼠血清F1抗体,脏器压印法分离鼠疫耶尔森氏菌。结果4区25个调查点共捕获鼠形动物472只,捕获率为8.25%,隶属于2目2科3属4种,褐家鼠占87.50%,为本市优势鼠种,黄胸鼠占8.03%,臭鼩鼱占4.42%,板齿鼠占0.21%。雌雄性别比为1∶0.82。繁殖指数褐家鼠为0.41,黄胸鼠为0.55,臭鼩鼱为0.14,以黄胸鼠最高,预示将来该鼠种的种群数量将会增长较快。472只鼠形动物中有129只鼠形动物寄生565匹蚤,经鉴定均为印鼠客蚤,染蚤率为27.33%,总蚤指数为1.20。黄胸鼠染蚤率、蚤指数最高,分别为63.16%、3.80;褐家鼠为25.70%、1.01;臭鼩鼱为15.0%、0.20。5种不同生境的捕鼠率为2.61%～15.42%,鼠体印鼠客蚤指数为0.68～2.59。25个调查点有10个点鼠带印鼠客蚤指数大于1。间接血凝法检测鼠疫F1抗体458份,未检出阳性血清,鼠脏器压印培养407份,未分离出鼠疫杆菌。结论目前我市尚未发现鼠间鼠疫疫情,但鼠疫宿主动物和媒介生物密度较高,存在鼠间鼠疫流行的隐患。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the situation of animal plague epidemic in the Shenzhen city. Methods Host animals were caught by cage. Flea was classified after being identified. Yersinia pestis F1 antibodies were detected by IHA and Yersinia pestis was separated by organ impression. Results 472 rat-like animals were captured from 25 surveillance sites in 4 districts, belonging to 2 orders, 3 genera, and 4 species. The capture rate was 8.25%. R.norvegicus, the dominant species in this surveillance, constituted 87.32% of the total number. R.flavipectus, S.murinus and B.indica accounted for 8.03%, 4.42% and 0.21% of the total number, respectively. Gender ratio was 1∶0.82, (famale:male). Reproduction index of R.flavipectus was 0.55, the highest among all, followed by R.norvegicus (0.41), and S.murinus (0.14), hinting that the population size of R.flavipectus might grow more rapidly than the other species in the future. Out of 472 rat-like animals, 129 were identified to be parasitized by 565 flea, all of which were Xenopslla cheopis. Total flea infection rate was 27.33% and the flea index was 1.20. R.flavipectus had the highest flea infected rate (63.16) and flea index (3.80). Flea infecting rate and flea index for R.norvegicus and S.murinus were 25.70%, 15.00%, 1.01 and 0.20, respectively. Capture rate in 5 different habitats varied from 2.61% to 5.42% and flea index of X.cheopis ranged from 0.68 to 2.59. 10 out of 25 surveillance sites X.cheopis flea index was >10. No F1 antibody was detected by IHA from 458 samples. No Yersinia pestis was culuted from 407 organs. Pathogenological and serological results were all negative. Conclusion Currently, no animal plague epidemic was found in Shenzhen city, but relatively high density of host animals and vectors were found, which would possibly facilitate animal plague epidemic if no proper measures was implemented.更多还原