【摘要】 目的探讨和分析增城市1956~2005年急性传染病流行趋势,为制定防病对策提供依据。方法运用时间序列、自身对照和描述流行病学的方法,分析发病率、死亡率及构成的变化趋势。结果50年来增城市传染病年均发病率为552·45/10万,死亡率为3·66/10万,发病前3位为麻疹、疟疾、痢疾。传染病的发病率和死亡率大幅度下降,大多数传染病得到有效控制,但性传播疾病自90年代发病率呈上升趋势。传染病疾病谱不断发生变化,50年代以自然疫源性疾病为主,占总发病数的46·08%,60~70年代以呼吸道传染病为主,占总发病数的49·21%~61·76%,80年代以后则以病毒性肝炎为主,占总发病数的40·09%~66·78%。50年代发病居前5位的疾病依次是疟疾、麻疹、痢疾、百日咳、伤寒,而近5年则变为病毒性肝炎、梅毒、痢疾、淋病、麻疹。结论增城市传染病疫情出现新的特点,防制形势依然严峻,应及时制定科学的防病对策,加强传染病预防和监测工作力度。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the epidemic trend of acute infectious diseases in Zengcheng City from 1956 to 2005 and provide reference for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods The incidence, mortality and changing tendency of infection diseases in Zengcheng City were epidemiologically analyzed. Results In a period of 50 years the average annual incidence of infectious diseases was 552.45/100,000 population and the mortality of the diseases was 3.66/100,000 population, the incidence of measles, malaria and dysentery was on the top. Average infection rate and reduced sharply in the last 50 years. Most of the infectious diseases were controlled effectively. However,since late 1990s,the infection rate of STDs has been on the rising. With an unceasing change in the spectrum or infectious diseases, the natural focal endemic diseases were prevalent, accounted for 46.08% of the total incidence. while the respiratory infectious disease was prevalent in the 1960s and 1970s, accounted for 49.21～61.76% of the total. After 1980s viral hepatitis predominated accounted for 40.09%～66.78% of the total incidence. In the 1950s the incidence of malaria,measles,dysentery,whooping cough and typhoid fever were on the top , while that of 2001～2005 hepatitis,syphilis, dysentery,gonorrhea, measles predominated. Conclusion The epidemic situation of infectious diseases is still serious . Thus effective and scientific strategies be formulated and the work of control and surveillance be strengthened.更多还原