【摘要】 为探讨季胺盐在相转移催化反应中的作用规律,使用不同卤离子季胺盐进行实验,结果表明,随着元素周期的增加,卤离子对应季胺盐催化效果减弱,反应速率降低。氯化四丁胺、溴化四丁胺、碘化四丁胺的萃取平衡常数之比为243.3:26.3:1;反应的速率之比为3.5:2:1。更多还原

【Abstract】 Quaternary ammonium is a good kind of phase transfer catalyst. In order to find out the effects of the quaternary ammoniums, a catalytic reaction was conducted with quaternary ammoniums with different halides. The results showed that the catalytic effect weakened and the reaction rate de-creased with the increase of the elemental periods of the halides. The ratio of the extraction equilibri-um constants of tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium bromide and tetrabutylammoni-um iodide was 243.3 : 26.3 : 1. The ratio of reaction rates was 3.5 : 2 : 1.更多还原