【摘要】 目的:了解血液透析患者应对心理压力的方式和影响因素。方法:使用自陈式问卷,对109例血液透析患者进行了调查,内容包括患者的一般情况、患病情况、治疗情况、应对方式等。结果:22种应对方式经因子分析,识别出3个潜在公共因子,解释了36.6%的总变异。依据各公共因子所含应对方式条目的内容分别定义为:“面对”,“逃避”和“屈服”。影响患者应对措施的多元逐步回归分析结果提示,血液透析时间长者多采用“逃避”应对方式,较少采用“屈服”应对方式,年龄与患者使用“屈服”应对方式呈现正关联。结论:血液透析患者使用不同的方式应对心理压力,在临床实践中应依据患者的不同情况采取有针对性的护理和健康教育措施,鼓励他们多使用积极应对方式,减少使用消极应对方式,以便改善身心健康状况,提高生活质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To explore coping styles with psychological stress and their determinants among hemodialysis patients.Methods:109 hemodialysis patients were inquired with a self-administered questionnaire about general information, disease status, curing situation and coping styles.Results:Factor analysis was used to analyze 22 items of coping methods and yielded three potential common factors that explained 36.6% of the total variance. According to the contents described by the items included in each factors, the three factors were respectively defined as “Confrontation”,“Escaping”and “Bending”.Further multiple regression analysis indicated that length of time on hemodialysis was positively linked with “Escaping”, while age was significantly and positively associated with “Bending”.Conclusion:Multiple methods used by hemodialysis patients for coping with psychological stress. To improve hemodialysis patients′psychosomatic health and quality of life, more specific clinical nursing and health education should be conducted among the patients by their characteristics for encouraging them highly to use active coping measures and less to use passive coping methods.更多还原