【摘要】 采用反证法对从日本引进的白化体虹鳟Oncorhyncus mykiss的体色、眼球色两对性状的遗传规律进行了初步研究。设计了试验一:白化体虹鳟与野生型虹鳟正、反交试验(正交白化体虹鳟♀×野生型♂,反交白化体虹鳟♂×野生型♀),同时进行了这两种亲本的自交等4个组合。在试验一的基础上,又设计了试验二:正交F1和反交F1自交,白化体虹鳟自交组与正、反交F1测交以及野生型虹鳟自交组与正、反交F1自交、测交等20个组合,对各个交配组合的后代的两对性状的表现型数据进行了统计分析和卡方检验,结果表明:控制黄体色的基因对野生体色基因为显性,控制红眼球色的基因对野生眼球色基因为隐性,证实了引自日本的白化体虹鳟的体色基因型属于显性纯合,而眼球色基因型为隐性纯合;白化体虹鳟的体色遗传符合孟德尔遗传规律,如果考虑了等位基因的异位上位效应,根据白化体虹鳟与野生型虹鳟正、反交F1及其自交的F2眼球色的表现型比率,说明白化体虹鳟眼球色的遗传方式也符合孟德尔遗传规律。更多还原

【Abstract】 Genetic segregation regularity of eyes and body color of albino rainbow trout introduced from Japan were preliminarily studied by the way of reduction to absurdity.Two tests were designed,in test 1,four mating lots were established,in which there were direct cross lot（albino♀×wild♂） and back cross lot（albino♂×wild♀） that meant F₁,and also two selfing lots of two kinds of parents,and then,in the test 2 based on the test 1,there were four selfing lots of F₁ ,sixteen cross lots of albino or wild with F₁.The phenotype values of two characters were analyzed statistically and through the chi-square test.The results showed that the body and eye color of albino rainbow trout are controlled by two alleles,and the allele B controlled yellow body color is dominant to wild body color-b and eye color gene of albino（a） is recessive to wild eyes color gene（A）.Moreover the allele controlled body color is dominant homozygosis and eye color is recessive homozygosis in albino rainbow trout.The body and color phenotype ratios of F₂ derived from F₁ selfing（albino♀×wild♂ or albino♂× wild♀） were 3 yellow∶1 wild which meant the body color inheritance of albino fit Mendel genetic rules and also if the dystopia epistatic effect of allele-b over allele-a was concerned,the red eye color inheritance of albino was also coincident with Mendel genetic rules.更多还原