【摘要】 本文对近断层地震动的基本特征作了详细分析,这些基本特征主要包括近断层强地震动的集中性、地表破裂、地面永久变形、破裂的方向性效应、近断层速度大脉冲和上盘效应。这些特征虽然在一次地震中不一定同时出现,但它们是已经被强震观测资料和数值模拟证实了的,在模拟和预测近断层地震动时,必须充分考虑这些特点,合理的近断层地震动模拟或预测模型和方法应当在结果中再现这些特点。更多还原

【Abstract】 The basic characteristics of near-fault ground motion,including the concentration of near-fault strong ground motions,the surface rupture and fling-step,the rupture directivity effect,the near fault large velocity pulse and the hanging wall effect,are discussed in this paper.Although these characteristics may not appear in a single earthquake,they are testified by strong motion records and numerical simulation of near-fault ground motion.Some of these characteristics can be shown in the simulation or prediction results by reasonable model and method.更多还原