【摘要】 利用扫描电镜对国产铁角蕨科Aspleniaceae 8属59种植物的孢子形态进行了观察。铁角蕨科植物孢子为单裂缝,两侧对称,极面观为椭圆形、宽椭圆形或近圆形;赤道面观为肾形、半圆形、宽椭圆形、椭圆形或近圆形。极轴长17-41 μm,赤道轴长23-60 μm。外壁光滑。周壁较厚,由周壁形成孢子的表面纹饰。主要纹饰类型有6种: (1)窗孔状纹饰。铁角蕨属Asplenium的厚叶铁角蕨A. griffithianum、北京铁角蕨A. pekinense、肾羽铁角蕨A. humistratum属于此种类型。(2)脊状纹饰。铁角蕨属的假大羽铁角蕨A. pseudolaserpitiifolium、毛轴铁角蕨A. crinicaule等7种属于此种类型。(3)翅状纹饰。铁角蕨属有14种属于此种类型,如江南铁角蕨A. loxogrammioides、齿果铁角蕨A. cheilesorum等;细辛蕨Boniniella cardiophylla、过山蕨Camptosorus sibiricus、水鳖蕨Sinephropteris delavayi、对开蕨Phyllitis scolopendrium、疏脉苍山蕨Ceterachopsis paucivenosa和药蕨Ceterach officinarum也属于此种类型。(4)翅脊状纹饰。有铁角蕨属的21种和巢蕨属Neottopteris的6种属于此种类型。(5)角状纹饰。阔足巢蕨N. latibasis属此类型。(6)丝毛状纹饰。只有阔基苍山蕨Ceterachopsis latibasis属此类型。从孢粉学的角度对该科的分类和系统演更多还原

【Abstract】 Spore morphology of 59 species belonging to eight genera of Aspleniaceae from China was observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM). The spores are monolete, bilaterally symmetric, elliptic, broadly elliptic or subrounded in polar view and kidney-shaped, elliptic, broadly elliptic or subrounded in equatorial view. The polar axes are 19-41 μm long, and the equatorial axes are 23-60 μm. The exospore is smooth and the surface ornamentation is formed by the perispore. On the basis of their ornamentation patterns, the spores are divided into six types. (1) Fenestrate. Spores of Asplenium griffithianum, A. pekinense and A. humistratum belong to this type. (2) Lophate. Spores of seven species of the genus Asplenium belong to this type. (3) Alate. Spores of 14 species of the genus Asplenium and of Boniniella cardiophylla, Camptosorus sibiricus, Sinephropteris delavayi, Ceterachopsis paucivenosa, Phyllitis scolopendrium, and Ceterach officinarum belong to this type. (4) Alate-lophate. Spores of twenty-one species of the genus Asplenium and six species of the Neottopteris belong to this type. (5) Corneate. Spores of Neottopteris latibasis belong to this type. (6) Sericate. This type is found only in Ceterachopsis latibasis. Some taxonomic problems in the Aspleniaceae are discussed based on spore morphology.更多还原