【摘要】 在粮食产业竞争中,存在一种农民之间和国有粮食企业之间的双重过度竞争的情形。克服市场过度竞争缺陷的一个重要途径是粮食企业和农户之间建立长期合同关系(即订单),以及农户或粮食企业采用产品差异化策略以获取市场垄断势力。已有研究发现,由于粮食产品专用性弱,粮食订单履约率低,公司和农户之间的商品契约缺乏稳定性。本文通过对最近粮食订单的几种成功的经验模式进行经济学分析,探讨了粮食订单的缔约条件及其长期稳定发展的可能性。在发展粮食订单的过程中,国有粮食企业和政府可以而且应当发挥积极的作用。但是,关键在于国有粮食企业自身的改制和盈利能力的提高,而政府的财政、政策支持以及各地区间的学习与经验的推广也是十分重要的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Over-competition exists between farmers and SOE of grain in grain industry competition. An important way to overcome the market over-competition is to establish a long-term contractual relation (i.e. order) between farmers and SOE of grain, or gain market monopolistic power by product differentia strategy. Some research observed that the enforcement rate of contracts is low and the commodity contracts between firms and farmers are unstable. Article analyzes the recent successful order models by economics methods and discusses the possibility of the condition of establishment and stability of grain order. In process of developing grain order, the SOE of grain should play an active role. The key issue, however, is the institution-reform and profitability of SOE of grain. Moreover, it is important for the financial and political support of government and the extension of experiences.更多还原