【摘要】 目的了解和掌握我院发生医院感染的各种因素,指导医院感染控制工作,从而降低医院感染率。方法通过前瞻性辅以回顾性调查的方法,对2002～2003年住院的26546例住院患者进行综合调查。结果我院2002年医院感染率为5.00%;2003年为4.56%;各科室之间感染率差异存在明显性,并以ICU为最高;感染以下呼吸道、泌尿系统为主;在原发疾病中肿瘤(14.53%)、血液(9.68%)和循环(8.85%)系统疾病位居前3位;医院感染病原菌以G-菌和真菌为主;侵袭性操作以泌尿道插管发生感染率为最高;抗生素一联用药占总体用药的首位。结论密切监控医院感染率较高的科室,加强对侵袭性操作的规范性指导,严格要求临床医生合理使用抗生素,健全医院管理制度,加强医生感染控制知识。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE To understand and grasp our hospital not to happen various nosocomial infection factors, instruct control work againt nosocomial infection, thus reduce the nosocomial infection rate. METHODS Through perspective method in aid with retrospective one to conduct the comprehensive investigation on 26 465 inpatients in 2002-2003. RESULTS The nosocomial infection rate of the hospital was 5.00% and 4.51%, respectively, in 2002 and 2003; this was obvious difference in the infection rate between departments, and the highest one was in ICU; the main infection sites were lower respiratory tract and the urinary system; among the underlying diseases tumor (14.53%) and the blood system diseases (9.68%) and the circunlatory diseases (8.85%) were the top three; the main pathogens were G-bacteria and fungi; among aggressive manipulations the highest infection rate was seen after urinary catheterization; in most cases was used one kind of antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS To closely control and inspect the departments where the nosocomicl infection rate was higher, to strengthen the regulatory guidance during aggressive manipulations, to more strict demands for clinicians in rational use of antibiotics, to perfect the management system of the hospital and to strengthen the clinician′s knowledge of infection control are the main countermeasures.更多还原