【摘要】 目的分析儿童体格发育指标的遗传度及其影响因素。方法于2004年6至10月测量116对6~12岁同性别汉族双生子(同卵双生子67对、异卵双生子49对)的身高、体重、坐高、胸围、肩宽和骨盆宽,计算体重指数,调整年龄后用组内相关系数法计算各指标遗传度。结果各指标组内相关系数均为同卵双生子大于异卵双生子;男女性身高的遗传度分别为0.89和0.87,体重的遗传度分别为0.88和0.74,体重指数的遗传度分别为0.73和0.72,坐高的遗传度分别为0.87和0.86,胸围的遗传度分别为0.88和0.62,肩宽的遗传度分别为0.78和0.56,骨盆宽的遗传度分别为0.73和0.59,男女性的身高、坐高和体重指数的遗传度差异无统计学意义,其余各指标的遗传度均男性高于女性。结论遗传因素对儿童的体格发育特征起主要作用,体重、胸围、肩宽和骨盆宽的遗传度存在性别差异,女性比男性更易受环境因素影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyse the heritabilities of physical growth items of body and its related factors.Methods An 116 twin pairs of Han nationality, 67 monozygotic (MZ) and 49 like-sex dizygotic (DZ) aged 6 to 12 years, were investigated from June to October in 2004.The measurements included height, weight, sitting height, chest circumference, biacromial breadth and biiliac breadth, and BMI index calculated by the former two measurements. The heritabilities were estimated by using intraclass correlation coefficient method from the adjusted data for age.Results The intraclass correlation coefficient was greater in the MZ twins than in the DZ twins. The estimated heritabilities of height, weight, BMI, sitting height, chest circumference, biacromial breadth and biiliac breadth were 0.89, 0.88, 0.73, 0.87, 0.78, 0.78, 0.73 in boys and 0.87, 0.74, 0.72, 0.86, 0.62, 0.56, 0.59 in girls adjusted for age. Therefore, there were no sex difference for the heritabilities of height, sitting height and BMI, but the male heritabilities of weight, chest circumference, biacromial breadth and biiliac breadth were higher than the female’s respectively.Conclusion Physical growth items should be mainly determined by the genetic factors. There are sex differences for the heritabilities of weight, chest circumference, biacromial breadth and biiliac breadth, i.e., the girls might be affected more easily by environmental factors than the boys in these items.更多还原