【摘要】 以223名60～85岁老年人及30名大学生作为被试,对加减心算能力的老化过程进行研究。任务为加减法及加减法的组合,包括有:单加、单减、先加后减、先减后加、连加及连减。结果表明,年龄与心算类型存在明显的交互作用。单加及单减两种最基本的心算能力对其它类型心算成绩的作用,在不同年龄段表现不同:对于大学生,单加起主要影响作用,而对于老年人,单减起主要影响作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 223 old adults from 60 to 85 years, and 30 undergraduates were investigated on the performance of mental arithmetic to examine the effects of age and arithmetic type (addition and subtraction) on mental arithmetic measures, including six types of computation tasks: only addition, only subtraction, addition before subtraction, addition after subtraction, addition in series and subtraction in series. MANOVA using RT and mental efficiency as independent variables showed significant age difference, main effect of arithmetic type and interaction between age and arithmetic type as well. Differential effects of simple addition and subtraction on complex mental arithmetic tasks in older and young adults were found in regression analysis supposing performance in only addition and only subtraction task and education as predictor of efficiency of other four tasks.更多还原