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女性运动员不同月经周期性激素水平与运动成绩的变化(英文)

Hormone levels at different menstrual cycle phases and changes of athletic performance in female athletes

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【作者】 郭海英董晓虹张景红

【Author】 Guo Hai-ying1, Dong Xiao-hong2, Zhang Jing-hong3 1Zhejiang Institute of Sports Science, Hangzhou 310004, Zhejiang Province, China; 2Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China; 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China

【机构】 浙江省体育科学研究所浙江大学教育学院体育部浙江省人民医院妇产科 浙江省杭州市310004浙江省杭州市310006浙江省杭州市310014

【摘要】 背景:女性运动员月经周期与运动能力的关系,尤其是不同月经周期影响运动成绩的机制是一个值得探索的问题。目的:比较不同月经周期性激素水平和运动成绩的变化情况,及对运动成绩的影响。设计:单一样本单因素分析。单位:浙江体育科学研究所和浙江大学教育学院及浙江省人民医院妇产科。对象:在2000年对浙江省赛艇、田径队的所有女运动员中发放专门设计的月经卡,连续记录3个月以了解女运动员的月经周期状况,取月经规则的共25名作为实验对象,其中赛艇专项的女运动员12名,平均年龄19岁,田径专项的女运动员13名,平均年龄18岁。训练年限均在3年以上,每周训练6天,4~6h/d,身体健康,月经周期规则,未使用过影响月经周期的药物。方法:分别在实验对象卵泡期(周期第6~10天)和黄体期(周期第19~23天)上午8:00-9:00时抽取血样,应用全自动化学发光免疫仪测定血清雌二醇、促卵泡激素、促黄体生成素、孕酮和睾酮的含量,试剂批内变异系数<5%。受试者并在抽血后一两天内完成运动成绩和血乳酸的测试。赛艇运动员使用美国产划船测功仪进行2000m、500m全力拉,田径运动员进行100m、200m全速跑,记录所需时间;赛艇运动员在测功仪上用26次/min浆频完成2000m的运动,田径运动员以90%的强度完成3个300m跑,间隙3min,运动结束后即刻取指血测定血乳酸值,采用小样本研究中配对t检验进行显著性检验。主要观察指标:血清雌二醇、促卵泡激素、促黄体生成素、孕酮和血乳酸含量,赛艇运动员测功仪2000m、500m成绩,田径运动员100m、200m成绩。结果:25名运动员完成全部指标检测,均进入结果分析。赛艇运动员黄体期促卵泡激素、孕酮及睾酮水平均高于卵泡期,雌二醇和促黄体生成素的水平无差异;田径运动员黄体期孕酮及睾酮的水平高于卵泡期,而雌二醇、促卵泡激素和促黄体生成素则无差别。赛艇运动员500m测功仪和田径运动员100m、200m全力跑的成绩,黄体期均优于卵泡期,而赛艇运动员2000m成绩无显著性差异。运动员在卵泡期和黄体期完成同等负荷的运动时,黄体期血乳酸值均显著低于卵泡期。结论:黄体期受试运动员机能状态较好,可能与月经周期中激素水平的变化以及在运动状态下各种激素间具有的协同效应有关,提示对女运动员的生理周期应引起充分的重视。

【Abstract】 BACKGROUND: What deserves exploration is the relationship between menstrual cycle phase and athletic ability of female athletes, especially the mechanism of athletic performance influenced by different menstrual cycle phases. OBJECTIVE: To compare the hormone level of different menstrual cycle phases and the changes of athletic performance as well as its effect on athletic performance. DESIGN: Single sample and single factor analysis. SETTING: Zhejiang Institute of Sport Science; College of Education, Zhejiang University; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Specially designed menses cards were distributed to all the female athletes in the gig team and track & field team in Zhejiang Province in 2000. Consecutive 3-month recording was made to investigate the status of menstrual cycle phases of female athletes. Twenty-five athletes with regular menses were chosen as subjects, among whom 12 were specialized in gig racing with the average age of 19 years and 13 were specialized in track & field events with the average age of 18 years. They all had more than 3-year training experience, 6 days a week and 4-6 hours a day. They were healthy, had regular menstrual cycle, and had not taken any drug which influences the menstrual cycle. METHODS: Blood samples of the testees were collected at hour 8-9 AM at follicular phase (days 6-10) and luteal phase (days 19-23). Full-automatic chemiluminescence immunoassay equipment was used to measure the level of estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), progesterone, and testosterone in serum. coefficient of variability in batch of reagent was <5%. Testees accomplished test of their athletic performance and the test of lactic acid 1 to 2 days after blood sample collection. Gig athletes performed 2000 m and 500 m full-strength pull with ConcettⅡboating ergometer while track & field athletes performed 100 m and 200 m full-speed running; the time needed was recorded. Gig athletes conducted 2000 m movements on the ergometer with the frequency of 26 times per minute. Track & field athletes carried out three times of 300-meter running with 90% of intensity with 3-minute intervals. Immediately after movements, the lactic acid value was measured following blood collection. Paired t test of the small sample study was used for significance detection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The level of E2, FSH, LH, progesterone and blood lactic acid in serum; 2000 m and 500 m performance of gig athletes as well as 100 m and 200 m performance of track & field athletes were measured by the ergometer. RESULTS: Twenty-five athletes accomplished detection of all the indexes and entered the result analysis. The level of FSL, progesterone and testosterone of gig athletes was higher at luteal phase than at follicular phase; however, E2 and LH level did not significantly differ. The level of progesterone and testosterone of track & field athletes was higher at luteal phase than at follicular phase; however, E2, FSH and LH level did not significantly differ. 500 m performance of gig athletes detected by the ergometer, and 100 m and 200 m full-speed running performance of track & field athletes at luteal phase were superior to those at follicular phase, but no significant difference was found in 2000 m performance of gig athletes. When the same loading was accomplished at follicular phase and luteal phase, the lactic acid value at luteal phase was significantly lower than that at follicular phase. CONCLUSION: Tested athletes at luteal phase have good functional status, which may be related to the changes of menstrual cycle hormone level and synergistic effect of various hormones under thes state of athletic movements. It suggests that sufficient attention should be paid to the menstrual cycle of female athletes.

【关键词】 月经周期性激素类田径运动女性
  • 【文献出处】 中国临床康复 ,Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation , 编辑部邮箱 ,2005年40期
  • 【分类号】R87
  • 【被引频次】1
  • 【下载频次】174
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