【摘要】 以淀粉为原料,甘油为增塑剂制备了热塑性淀粉,并讨论了加工工艺;为改善力学性能,将淀粉与聚乙烯醇共混,并采用复配增塑剂制备了热塑性共混物,采用热重分析、扫描电镜、X射线衍射以及材料力学性能测试,系统考察了共混物的热稳定性、形貌、结晶情况以及机械性能。结果表明,某些配比的共混物拉伸强度可达到20MPa以上,断裂伸长率可达100%以上,此外,体系中添加少量疏水性聚β羟基丁酸酯,提高了共混物的耐水性。该共混物具有加工工艺简单,易于工业化,组分可完全降解等优点,具有广阔的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 The thermoplastic starch was obtained by the mixing of starch (St) powder and (glycerol),and the processing technique was discussed.The blends of starch with polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) were prepared for improving the properties.The mechanical properties,thermal stability,(morphology) and crystallization of the blends were studied by means of mechanical performance testing (instruments),thermogravimetry,scanning electron micrograph and wide angle X-ray diffraction. The results revealed that the tensile strength of the PVA-St blends with some ratio of PVA and St reached to 20MPa,and its elongation at break reached to 100%.Moreover,the hydrophilic property of SP (system) was depressed by adding poly-β-hydroxybutyrate(PHB).The SP blends have the merit of (simple) processing technique,and are easy to industrialize and biodegradable entirely.They will find wide applications.更多还原