【摘要】 利用垂直板状聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶电泳分离技术,对马氏珠母贝(PinctadamartensiiD.)和企鹅珍珠贝(PteriapenguinR.)的鳃、后闭壳肌2种组织的5种同工酶进行检测,以比较珍珠贝及马氏珠母贝不同养殖群体酶谱差异。分析表明,不同种间的个体酶谱表型有稳定的差异,筛选出的鳃组织过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、酯酶(EST)及闭壳肌组织的苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)、苹果酸酶(ME)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PDH)等同工酶,具有种特异性,这些酶带清晰稳定,可作为区别种的分子标记。马氏珠母贝群间杂交与群内自繁群体中,不同个体的酶谱表型比较相似,但自繁后代群体酶谱的相似程度更高,位点Sod-2杂合度仅为0.05、近交系数高达0.857,而杂交后代位点杂合度为0.55、F=-0.173,在不同种组织中,两群体间SOD同工酶均存在稳定差异,这种与亲缘关系相关联的酶谱表型,作为蛋白分子标记,可望应用于珠母贝品种改良及品系鉴定上。更多还原

【Abstract】 The genetic variation of isozymes(cesterase,EST;suprroxide desmutase,SOD;malate dehydrogenase,MDH;malic enzyme,ME;glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase,G6PDH)extracted from two different adult tissues(adductor muscle and gill)of Pteria penguin R.and offspring of Pinctada martensii D.from two stocks were analyzed by vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.The result showed that obvious and stable variation in the isozyme phenotypes were detected in the two different pearl oyster species.The SOD and EST isozymes from gill and the MDH,ME and G6PDH from adductor muscle were species-specific,the electrophoretograms of these isozymes could be used as makers to discriminate the two species of pearl oyster.Between self-reproducing and hybridized stocks offspring of Pinctada martensii,the electrophoresis patterns of isozymes were alike,but the similarities of electrophoretograms in self-reproducing progenies were higher than that in hybridized ones.The characteristic electrophoretograms of isozymes could be applied as molecular markers to assist the breeding of the pearl oysters.更多还原