【摘要】 为了揭示低能带电粒子核反应中电子屏蔽效应与温度之间的关系,在德国鲁尔大学实验室的100kV加速器上系统测量了T=200℃时元素周期表中第三、四族以及镧系元素氘化靶中d(d,p)t反应的电子屏蔽效应.由于氘在介质中的溶度(介质对氘的吸附能力)随温度升高而迅速下降,该温度下金属表面不能形成氘化物,导致金属性增强,因而观测到了比常温下更显著的电子屏蔽效应.这一测量结果可以用德拜模型来解释.为了进一步验证德拜模型,还测量了不同温度下氘化Co和Pt靶中d(d,p)t反应的电子屏蔽效应,得到了电子屏蔽效应和温度相关性的曲线.实验结果与德拜模型的预言相符.更多还原

【Abstract】 For a deep understanding of the electron screening effects, we cooperated with the astrophysics group of Ruhr University to study the electron screening in the d(d, p)t reaction for the deuterated metals of groups 3 and 4 of the periodic table and the lanthanides, at a sample temperature T = 200℃, using the D3+ beams provided by the 100kV accelerator of Dynamitron-Tandem-Laboratorium. The hydrogen solubility in the samples dropped to a level of a few percent (compared to T = 20℃) and a large screening became observable. With the classical plasma model of Debye applied to the quasi-free metallic electrons, the deduced number of valence electrons per metallic atom agrees with the corresponding number from the Hall coefficient, for all metals investigated. Finally, we measured the screening for the metals Co and Pt as a function of sample temperature, in part between T = 20℃ and 340℃. The data agree with the Debye model; they represent the first observation of a temperature dependence of a nuclear cross section.更多还原