【摘要】 在矢量衍射理论基础上给出了任意倾斜入射下的光栅方程一般形式以及衍射极角和衍射方位角的完整解析表达式,由此首次导出了平面光栅光谱仪谱线和谱带弯曲量的精确计算公式和对应于衍射极角和衍射方位角的两类角色散公式,比较了谱线弯曲精确公式和近似公式的计算结果,进而指出和弥补了近似公式的不足,并数值考察了入射狭缝高度对光谱仪色散能力的影响程度。由于在以上各式的推导过程中未作任何近似,且涉及到了导致谱线和谱带弯曲的所有可能因素,因而它要比以往所用近似公式更为全面和可靠,可作为实际光谱仪器设计、测试、装调和使用的理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper the grating equation and integrate expression of diffractive polar angle and the azimuthal angle with arbitrary angle of incidence are described based on the vector diffraction theory. The exact calculation formulae for bend quantity of spectral line and spectral band of plane grating spectrometer are given, and two kinds of angular dispersion expression of corresponding diffractive polar angle and azimuthal angle are also presented. The calculated results of the exact spectral line bend formula are compared with those of approximate formulae. The effects of the height of incident slit on dispersion capability are examined by values. Because no approximations are performed during the above deduction of each formula and all factors that lead to the bend of spectral line and spectral band are concerned, the given formulae in the paper are more comprehensive and reliable than all the approximate formulae used before. Consequently, these formulae can be used as a theory criterion by which the actual spectral instrument is designed, tested, equipped, adjusted and used.更多还原