【摘要】 植物病原菌对杀菌剂的抗药性是由遗传基因控制的 ,抗药基因位于细胞质遗传因子或细胞核染色体基因上 ,细菌对许多药剂如铜制剂、链霉素等的抗药性和真菌对少数药剂如甲氧丙烯酸酯类药剂的抗性属于前一种情况 ,而真菌对大多数药剂的抗性则属于后一种情况。核基因控制的抗药性又可分为主效基因 (major gene)抗性和微效多基因 (poly gene)抗性 ,分别使病菌对药剂的抗性表现质量性状和数量性状。病原菌对苯并咪唑类药剂、春日霉素、羧基酰胺类药剂、苯酰胺类药剂、芳烃类药剂、二甲酰亚胺类药剂等的抗性通常为主效基因控制 ;使病菌表现微效多基因抗性的杀菌剂主要有多果定、羟基嘧啶类药剂、甾醇合成抑制剂 (SBIs)等更多还原

【Abstract】 Fungicide resistance is genetically determined in plant pathogens. Both cytoplasmic and nuc-(lear) inheritance of fungicide resistance have been observed. Most resistant genes of bacteria to (bactericides)(copper, streptomycin, etc.) and fungal pathogens to a few fungicides, such as strobilurins, were characterized as cytoplasmic genes, whereas the fungal resistance to most fungicides was con-(trolled) by chromosomal genes. Chromosomal resistance can be separated into major-gene and polygenic resistance. Major-gene-controlled resistance is qualitative, while polygenic resistance is quantitative. Major-gene resistance is usually observed in the pathogen resistant to benzimidazoles, kasugamycin, carboxamides, phenylamides, aromatic hydrocarbon fungicides, dicarboximides, etc. The resistance to fungicides including dodine, hydroxypyrimidines and sterol biosynthesis inhibitors(SBIs) are often found to be controlled by poly-genes.更多还原