【摘要】 为了详细研究HAT循环关键部件湿化器的加湿性能, 改进设计并搭建了适于利用激光PDA研究湿化器内部流场特性的逆流喷雾式空气湿化器实验系统。通过该实验系统测量了湿化器本身结构和喷雾场带来的总压损失。在不同进口气流温度、流量和相对湿度以及不同进口水温度和流量等工况下,测量湿化器内气流和水出口温度、水滴蒸发量、气流相对湿度沿湿化器高度的分布等,分析了进出口参数对湿化器加热、加湿性能的影响。设计加工了可以分开测量气相和液相温度的热电偶,并测量了湿化器几个位置的气相和液相的温度。研究发现较大的气液逆流速度有助于传热、传质,但会带来较大总压压损,且气流会带走大量小水滴进入回热器和燃烧室吸收高品质的热,从而降低系统效率。水温的升高和增大水气比有助于加热和加湿。在喷嘴出口,水、气有较大的温差。远离喷嘴后,水、气温差逐渐减小,且在某个位置水、气温度都会低于进口气温。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study in details the humidifying performance of humidifier in HAT cycle, a test system of countercurrent spray humidifier, suitable to study its inner-field using 3D laser PDA, is designed and constructed. The pressure losses, made by the structure of humidifier and the spray field, are measured in this test system. The exit temperatures of air and droplets, the evaporation rate of droplets and the relative humidity along the height of humidifier etc. are investigated under different temperatures, flux and relative humidity of air and different temperatures and flux of water. The influences of inlet parameters of air and water on heating and humidifying of humidifier are analyzed. Some thermocouples used in measuring the temperature of air phase and liquid phase is designed and made. The temperatures of air phase and liquid phase at several positions in the humidifier are measured. It is found in the research that the higher counter flow velocity of the droplets and air, the more helpful in heat and mass transfer, but the high velocity will bring a lot of small droplets into regenerator and combustor where those small droplets absorb heat of high quality that causes a reduction of the efficiency of system. Water temperature rising and to increase the water/gas ration will be helpful in heating and humidifying. Aparting from the nozzle, that temperature difference of water and air will be reduced and in a certain position, both temperature will be lower than that in the inlet air更多还原