【摘要】 目的　研究甲胺磷中毒迟发性神经病的周围神经病理特点 ,并探讨三磷酸胞苷二钠 (CTP)、地塞米松对有机磷中毒迟发性神经病 (OPIDN)是否有保护作用。方法　通过甲胺磷染毒制备鸡 OPIDN模型 ,观察小、大剂量 CTP[1.5 mg/ (kg· d) ,3mg/ (kg· d) ]和地塞米松 [1mg/ (kg· d) ]不同作用时间 (1、2、3、4、8周 )的神经病理改变。结果　甲胺磷染毒后光镜下甲苯胺兰染色第 2周末即出现髓鞘轻微改变 ,第 3周末出现部分神经纤维变性 ,髓鞘深染、形状不规则 ,神经轴索肿胀 ,第 4周末达高峰 ,第 8周末病变明显好转。电镜下第 3周末髓鞘增厚、板层松解、轴索肿胀。大剂量 CTP组和地塞米松组神经病理改变相对减轻 ,但有髓神经纤维横切面积与正常组相比具有显著性差异 (P<0 .0 5 )。大剂量 CTP组郎飞结间的距离与其余各组相比均具有显著性差异 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　甲胺磷染毒后周围神经的病理改变为髓鞘脱失和轴索肿胀 ,大径神经纤维更易感。应用大剂量 CTP、地塞米松可减轻病损 ,促进恢复 ,但不能防止 OPIDN的发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study peripheral nerve pathological characteristics of delayed neuropathy induced by methamidophos,and to investigate the curative effect of CTP and dexamethasone to the Organophosphate induced delayed neuropathy(OPIDN) whether or not. Methods After inducing the hen models of OPIDN by methamidophos,we observed the pathological changes of different groups cured with large and small doses of CTP[1.5mg/(kg·d),3mg/(kg·d)] or dexamethasone [1mg/(kg·d)]at the weekend of 1,2,3,4,5 and 8w. Results Under the light microscope myelin sheath of toluidine blue stain poisoned by methamidophos exhibited light alternations at the second weekend,including nerve fibers degeneration,myelin sheath heaven-stained and irregular shape and axonal swelling at the third weekend,peaked at the forth weekend,and resumed at the eighth weekend. Under the electron-microscope,by electron dual-stain,some changes appeared such as thickness of myelin sheath increasing,myelin lamellae separating and loosing,axonal swelling at the third weekend. The neuropathological changes of large doses of CTP and dexamethasone groups were alleviative. As comparing with the control group,the area changes of transverse section of large doses of CTP group and dexamethasone group in single nerve fiber showed significant difference(P<0.05). As comparing with the other group,the distances between Ranvier’ node of large doses of CTP group were significant different(P<0.05). Conclusion The pathological changes of peripheral nerve poisoned by methamidophos are segmental demyelination and axonal swelling,and big dimension fiber are more sensitivity. The large doses of CTP and dexamethasone can alleviate nerve tissue injures and shorten resume time,but both of them can not avoid the OPIDN.更多还原