【摘要】 迄今为止的考古发掘表明 ,我国最早的陶质建材 ,应该是距今 5 5 0 0年左右的凌家滩“红陶块”。考古学家推测其原料为粘土矿物 ,烧成温度约 80 0～ 10 0 0℃ ,且其物理性能与砖质建材较为接近 ,应为“砖的雏形” ,为此 ,本工作测试分析了凌家滩“红陶块”的物相组成、烧成温度、吸水率与抗压强度 ,同时对比分析了明砖、汉砖、现代砖的物理性能 ,发现“红陶块”系粘土原料在 95 0℃以上温度烧制而成 ,其吸水率和抗压强度由外向内呈梯度变化 ,内层的抗压强度、吸水率接近于现代砖和汉砖 ,业已超过明砖样品 ,所有这些分析结果 ,皆支持考古学家关于凌家滩“红陶块”为砖的雏型的推测。更多还原

【Abstract】 Archaeological studies have indicated that the “red burnt clay”excavated from Lingjiatan site,about 5500 BP,might be the earliest ceramic material for building in China.Some tests on“red burnt clay”,such as the structure,firing temperature,water absorptivity and strength of pressure resistance were dose. Furthermore,some comparative tests on bricks from Han,Ming Dynasties and modern age were introduced,it was found that“red burned clay”was fired from clay material over 950℃.and there were certain variational gradations from outside to inside of “red burnt clay”.The conclusion could be reached that strength of pressure resistance and water absorptivity for “red burnt clay”was similar to those of bricks of Han Dynasty and modern age,and better than those of Ming Dynasty.All of these results support strongly the archaeologist’ conjecture that the “red burnt clay”from Lingjiatan site might be the rudiment of brick.更多还原