【摘要】 以蒙山脆枣及山东省内的9个枣品种和32个酸枣类型(株系)为试材,采用形态学分析和RAPD分析,对蒙山脆枣与枣及酸枣的亲缘关系进行研究,并初步探讨了蒙山脆枣的起源及枣的演化过程。形态学性状数据主成分分析结果表明,蒙山脆枣第1主成分值为5.42,第2主成分值为0.64,介于枣品种和酸枣类型之间,地位较为特殊。对形态学性状数据聚类,结果表明,蒙山脆枣先与酸枣1号在6.40阈值处聚为一类,再与大枣品种的聚类群在11.75阈值处聚为1类之后,才与其它酸枣类型的聚类群聚为一类,显示出蒙山脆枣的分类地位介于枣和酸枣之间。进一步的RAPD分析结果表明,蒙山脆枣与酸枣亲缘关系较近。蒙山脆枣果实长2cm左右,外果皮较薄,中果皮较厚,平均单果重为3.64g,叶片纵横径为6.93cm×3.08cm,形态学性状与枣接近,推测蒙山脆枣可能为供试酸枣类型与枣品种的中间类型。更多还原

【Abstract】 The relationship of Mengshancui jujube with 9 Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) varieties and 32 wild jujube (Z.acidojujua C.Y.Cheng et M.J.Liu) types from Shandong province were studied by morphological characteristics analysis and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis.The origin of Mengshancui jujube and the evolution of jujube were also discussed.The principal components analysis based on morphological characteristics data indicated that the first principal components value of Mengshancui jujube was 5.42,the second principal components value was (0.64),which were in the middle of Chinese jujube and wild jujube varieties (types) and showed special classification position.The cluster analysis results of morphological characteristics that Mengshancui jujube and No.1 of wild jujube were first clustered together at 6.40 threshold,second with Chinese jujube varieties at 11.75 threshold,then with other wild jujube varieties (types),indicated that Mengshancui jujube was the middle varieties between wild jujube and Chinese jujube varieties.But later RAPD analysis indicated that Mengshancui jujube had closer relationship with wild jujube.The morphological characteristics of Mengshancui jujube was closer with Chinese jujube, its fruit was about 2cm long,with flimsy exocarp and thick mesocarp,the mean individual fruit weight was 3.64g,and leaf longitudinal and traverse diameter was 6.93cm×3.08cm. Then Mengshancui jujube was confered to the middle varieties between wild jujube and Chinese jujube.更多还原