【摘要】 目的　了解目前使用的狂犬疫苗的实际免疫效果及副反应的发生等情况 ,为在全面推广使用优质狂犬疫苗提供科学依据。　方法　采用EGSA间接法对 40 4名暴露者接种疫苗后检测抗狂犬病毒IgG抗体 ,并对 660名接种不同种疫苗进行副反应观察。　结果　 2 0 0 2年对 40 4名暴露者使用狂犬疫苗常规免疫的抗体阳转率为 85 6% ,复种阳转率为 86 2 %。 4种不同类型的狂犬疫苗常规免疫抗体阳转率在 80 0 %～ 91 2 % ,地鼠肾纯化疫苗阳转率明显高于浓缩疫苗和Vero疫苗。不同年龄组人群的抗体阳转率在 75 0 %～ 91 3 % ,低年龄组人群的抗体阳转率明显高于高年龄组人群 ,约 10 %的人初免失败 ;660人接种不同种疫苗副反应率在 6 7%～ 40 5 %之间 ,纯化疫苗的全身反应、局部反应和中、重度副反应发生率均明显低于浓缩疫苗。　结论　纯化疫苗的实际免疫效果好 ,副反应发生率低 ,适合大量推广使用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the actual effectiveness and side effects of rabies vaccines currently used and provide scientific basis for overall popularization of qualified vaccine. Methods IgG antibody against rabies was detected from 404 exposed subjects immunized with conventional vaccines by using ELISA, and the side effects in 660 subject vaccinated with other rabies vaccines were observed. Results The antibody positive conversion rate in 404 subjects immunized with conventional vaccines in 2002 was 85.6% and the revaccinated antibody conversion rate was 86.2%. The antibody positive conversion rates of the 4 conventional vaccines were in the range of 80.0%～91.2%. The positive conversion rate of purified vaccine was apparently higher than that of the concentrated and Vero cell vaccines. The antibody conversiorates in different populations were in the range of 75.0%～91.3% and the antibody positive conversion rate in the younger age group was obviously higher than that of the elder age group. The failure rate of primary immunization was 10%, the adversary reaction rates were in the range of 6.7%～40.5% in 660 subjects. The adversary reaction incidence of the purified vaccine was apparently lower than that of the concentrated vaccine. Conclusion The effectiveness of purified vaccine is good with low adversary reactions and suitable for popularization.更多还原