【摘要】 关于陶渊明的怀古意识 ,以前学者们都只强调他那种道家式的返朴归真。但值得注意的是 ,陶渊明并没有像老庄一样表现出绝圣弃智的思想倾向。他对儒家典章文化的珍视态度 ,使他的怀古有了另一种取向。这两种怀古 ,我们分别称之为古朴的道家式怀古和古雅的儒家式怀古。和历史上道家与儒家的对立一样 ,这两种取向之间是有一定矛盾性的 ,这种矛盾性集中体现在他对孔子的态度上。怀古理想的二元特征对陶渊明的诗歌产生了深刻的影响 :形成了朴素的五言诗和古雅四言诗相得益彰的局面。更多还原

【Abstract】 As for Tao Yuanming’s nostalgia, scholars of previous times all emphasized that Taoist returning to simplicity and primitivity of his. But it pays to note that Tao does not show the ideological inclination of eliminating the sacred and abandoning the intellectual like Laozi and Zhuangzi. He holds an appreciative attitude towards Confucian classics and culture, which endows his nostalgia with orientation of another sort. We name the two sorts the Taoist nostalgia of primitive simplicity, and the Confucian nostalgia of classic elegance respectively. Like the opposition between Taoism and Confucianism in history, the two orientations also somewhat conflict each other. Such contradiction is collectively embodied in Tao’s attitude towards Confucius. The impact of duality in Tao’s poetry is profound in that a situation is formed which the simple and unadorned five-character poems and the classic and elegant four-character poems complement and benefit each other.更多还原