【摘要】 以菲、芘作为多环芳烃代表污染物,采用室内培养方法,研究了4种真菌细胞色素P450含量与多环芳烃(PAHs)浓度及降解率的相互关系。结果表明,在一定的浓度范围内(菲0～200mg·L-1、芘0～100mg·L-1),菲、芘浓度与真菌P450含量呈明显正相关,菲、芘浓度与真菌P450含量之间表现出明显的剂量-效应关系。在上述浓度内,真菌降解多环芳烃的能力与真菌P450含量之间也表现出明显的剂量-效应关系。在选用的4株真菌中,Zj1(镰刀菌)降解菲和芘的能力最强,Zj3(小克银汉)次之,Zj2(毛霉)和Zj4(青霉)降解能力较弱。更多还原

【Abstract】 Some toxic chemical substances such as aliphatic hydrocarbon, poly c yclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorobiphenyl (PCB) and heterocyclic co mpounds etc are released into environment due to exploration, transportation, pr oduction and usage of petroleum and chemical materials, thus causing increasing contamination in environment media. Some microorganisms decompose the above toxi c contaminants by catabolism and play an important role in bioremediation of org anic pollutants in environment. Fungi resolve complex organic contaminants into single harmless substances by producing some detoxic enzymes in extracell and in introcell, among which mono-oxygenases play the most important role. Phenant hrene (molar mass 178.23) and pyrene (molar mass 202.26) were chosen as represen tative contaminants of PAHs in this experiment, and were of analytical grade fro m Fluka Company of Germany with purity 90.6%and 97.0%respectively. A serie s of phenanthrene and pyrene concentration was 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg· L-1, respectively. Four fungi were isolated and screened from petroleum-con taminated soil as experimental materials at 4 ℃, including Zj1 (Fusarium sp .), Zj3(Cunninghamella sp.), Zj2(Mucor sp.)and Zj4(Penicillium sp. ).Active fungi were obtained by cultivating strain in slope culture under cond ition of 200 r·min-1 oscillator for 7 d at 28 ℃, transferred into the Erle nmeyer flask with the above phenanthrene and pyrene concentrations of 100 mL usi ng inoculating loop, and were sampled after 72 h of culture. All treatments had two replicates.In this experiment, interrelationships between cytochrome P450 (P 450) content in four fungi and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) content o r degradation rate of PAHs were evaluated. The results indicated that there was a significantly positive correlation between 0～200 mg·L-1 phenanthrene or 0～100 mg·L-1 pyrene concentrations and P450 contents in the fungi. Within the above concentration range, a significant dose-effect relationship also exi sted between degrading-PAHs ability and P450 content in the fungi. Among the f our fungi selected, the order of phenanthrene-degrading and pyrene-degradi ng ability was as follows: Zj1 > Zj3> Zj2 and Zj4.更多还原