【摘要】 目的通过对呼吸机相关性肺炎的病原及药敏分析,从护理角度探讨预防措施,以降低呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率。方法对40例NICU呼吸机相关性肺炎进行回顾性分析。采取一次性吸痰液收集器从气管插管至患者气道最远端采集痰液进行细菌培养及药敏分析。结果G-菌55株(88.71%),G+球菌5株(8.06%),真菌2株(3.23%)。其中醋酸不动杆菌21株,铜绿假单胞菌15株,大肠埃希氏菌11株,肺炎克雷伯氏菌5株,阴沟杆菌2株,嗜麦芽假单胞菌1株,耐甲氧西林金葡菌5株,白色念珠菌2株,革兰氏阴性杆菌是呼吸机相关性肺炎的主要致病菌,其耐药率高,对β-内酰胺类抗生素不敏感,对亚胺培南、环丙沙星较敏感。结论呼吸机相关性肺炎危险因素甚多,发病机制复杂,提高预防意识,采取综合防治措施,是控制呼吸机相关性肺炎的最佳策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To reduce the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP)by analyzing the pathogens and drug sensitivity of VAP and exploring the preventive nursing strategy.Methods A retrospective analysis over40cases of VAP was conducted in NICU.The sputum,collected from the patient’s airway with a disposable sucker,was cultured and analyzed in terms of drug-induced allergy.Res ults It was found that amotile bacillus,pseudo monas aeruginosa,escherichia coli,klesiella pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus were21,15,11,5,5strains respectively.G - bacteria was the main pathogens and had a high resistance againstβ-lavtamases antibiotics but sensitive to imipenem and ciprofloxacin.Conclus ion VAP abounds with a lot of risky factors and the mechanisms are complex.It is the optimal strategy to control VAP by improving the awareness of prevention and by compound therapy.更多还原