【摘要】 对福建柏和杉木人工林凋落物数量、组成、季节动态、养分和能量归还及物质化学组成进行了 3a的研究 ,结果表明 :福建柏、杉木林的年均凋落物量分别为 731 83g·m- 2 、5 4 6 85g·m- 2 ,前者是后者的 1 34倍 ,其中落叶分别占总凋落量的 6 5 2 9%和 5 8 2 9% ,而福建柏林落枝、落果和其它组分占总凋落量的比例则比杉木林的低。福建柏林凋落物总量在 5月 (2 0 0 0年为 2月 )和 11— 12月出现两次峰值 ,且第 2次峰值远比第 1次高 ;杉木林总凋落物量 1年出现 3次峰值 (4或 5月、8月和 11月 ) ,且峰值较为接近。福建柏林凋落物年养分和能量总归还量分别为 13 96 1g·m- 2 和 14 6 36 5 8kJ·m- 2 ,杉木林的则分别为 12 0 0 5g·m- 2 和 12 2 91 17kJ·m- 2 ,前者分别是后者的 1 16倍和 1 19倍 ,其中福建柏林通过落叶归还的养分和能量则分别是杉木林的 1 6 3倍和 1 2 9倍。福建柏落叶N、P浓度和易分解物质 (水溶性物、半纤维素和粗蛋白 )含量高于杉木 ,而难分解物质 (如纤维素、木质素 )的含量低于杉木 ,且C N、C P、木质素 N及木质素 P的比值也比杉木落叶的低。说明福建柏林凋落量比杉木大 ,落叶质量亦比杉木的高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Three-year study was carried out to determine amount, component, seasonal dynamics and chemistry of litterfall and its returns of nutrient and energy in plantations of Fokienia hodginsii and Cunninghamia lanceolata in Fujian Province.Mean annual litterfall were up to 731.83 g·m -2 in F. hodginsii stand, being 1.34 times higher than that in C. lanceolata stand, of which 65.29% was occupied by needle litter. Except for components of needle and flower, the proportions of other fractions to total litterfall of F. hodginsii were all lower than those of C. lanceolata. Monthly litterfall of both stands peaked in April (or May) and November (or December), with the highest in December for F. hodginsii stand. While for C. lanceolata stand, peak values were close and there occurred another peak of litterfall in August. Annual returns of nutrient and energy of litterfall in F. hodginsii stand was 13.961 g·m -2 and 14 636.58 kJ·m -2 respectively, being respective 1.16 and 1.19 times as much as those in the stand of C. lanceolata. Moreover, nutrient and energy returns through needle litter was the primary pathway, with greater values also found in the stand of F. hodginsii.Litter chemistry (e.g. content of lignin and nitrogen) can exert a profound influence on the decay rate. In this study, contents of N, P and readily decomposable materials (such as water-soluble compounds, hemicellulose and coarse protein) in needle litter of F. hodginsii were higher than those of C. lanceolata. While the reverse was true for contents of decay-resistant materials and ratios of C/N, C/P, lignin/N and lignin/P in needle litter. These indicated that quality of needle litter of F. hodginsii was better than that of C. lanceolata, thus faster rates of decomposition and nutrient release occurred in litter of F. hodginsii in contrast to those of C. lanceolata.更多还原