【摘要】 随着各种微加工技术广泛地应用于电化学传感器中 ,微型传感器在电化学分析中的应用取得了快速的发展。微型传感器易于实现批量生产 ,只需要少量的样品 ,大大降低有毒试剂的消耗 ,减少环境污染 ,同时具有分析成本低 ,响应时间快 ,检测下限低和适用于现场快速检测等优点。本文综述了微型电化学传感器及其阵列的最新研究进展 ,介绍了不同结构的基于汞膜、碳 /石墨和贵金属等材料的微型传感器的特点和采用腐蚀、剥离、金属掩膜和丝网印刷等微加工技术的微型传感器及其阵列制作工艺 ,阐明了微型电化学传感器与溶出伏安法相结合 ,在生物医学、食品和环境检测中将具有广阔的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 With various microfabrication techniques have been broadly employed for electrochemical sensors, miniature sensors are rapidly advancing in electrochemical analysis. Miniature sensors allow for low-cost production in batch processes, need only a small amount of sample solution, reduce the consumption of toxic reagents, decrease the environmental pollution, enable relatively rapid, reliable and inexpensive field-analysis. Low detection limits in the parts per billion level were obtained in determination of heavy metal ions. This review describes current development of miniature electrochemical sensors and their arrays, mainly introduces the characteristics of different structure of mercury film, carbon/graphite, noble metals microsensors and several representative sensor microfabrication methods: etching, lift-off, metal-masking and screen-printing, which usually combined with each other during application. Coupled with stripping voltammetry, miniature electrochemical sensors appear very promising in biomedical, food and environmental monitoring.更多还原