【摘要】 目的　探讨医院感染呼吸系统革兰阴性菌产ESBLs菌株 ,监测其耐药性指导临床合理使用抗生素。方法　使用Api半自动细菌监测系统 ,药敏试验按NCCLs最新规则操作。结果　医院感染产ESBLs为 2 0 7%,依次为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、其他菌也有产酶株 ,对头孢类、氨基糖苷类、磺胺类有广泛耐药 ,对喹诺酮类有较高耐药 ,对亚胺培南均敏感 ,重症病房和老年患者是高发区和高危人群。结论　检测ESBLs菌株 ,能指导临床合理用药 ,防止ESBLs病原菌暴发和流行的必要手段。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE To study the production of Gram-negative bacilli extended-spectrum beta-lactmases in respiratory system nosocomial infection, detect bacterial resistance and direct the appropriate use of antibiotics in clinic. METHODS The survey is based on the analysis of a number of collected nosocomial infection cases related to ESBL-producing Gram-negative bacilli from Jan 2001 to Aug 2002. Bacterial culture was performed with routine method: drug susceptibility test Api was used according NCCLs. RESULTS In this sample, productive rate of ESBLs was 20 7%. The bacteria producing ESBLs were mainly from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and other bacteria. These bacteria were all resistant to cefoxitin, aminoglycosides, sulfanilamides, quinolones, but susceptible to imipenem. ICU is a high-dangerous area, the elderly is a susceptive group. CONCLUSIONS Detection of ESBLs is good to direct appropriate use of antibiotics. It is a necessary method to prevent the outbreak of ESBLs.更多还原