【摘要】 通过利用金矿尾砂制备矿物聚合材料 ,系统地讨论了不同条件下材料抗压强度变化趋势。所用原料配比为 80 %金矿尾砂、2 0 %变高岭石、固 /液质量比为 4.7及水 /碱质量比为 5 ,采用半干压法成型 ,在某一温度下固化一定时间 ,测定材料的力学强度。实验结果为固化温度从60℃升高到 80℃、成型压力从 8MPa、1 6MPa加大到 2 4MPa及固化时间从 2 4h延长到 72h都会使材料的抗压强度提高 ;室温放置时间 3、7、1 4、2 8d ,抗压强度呈增高趋势 ;外加碱激发剂KOH比NaOH所形成的材料抗压强度高 ,当碱 (Na2 O或Na2 O +K2 O) /SiO2 摩尔比为 1时 ,材料的强度达到最大值 ;钾长石含量较多的骨料比石英骨料及含钾长石较少的骨料材料抗压强度高。实验结果表明 ,温度升高、成型压力加大和固化时间延长均促进了聚合反应的发生。材料在室温下由于不断从空气中获得水分而使聚合反应不断发生。碱激发剂中K+比Na+更易使聚合作用进行。骨料中高度聚合的钾可被释放出来参与聚合反应。骨料在矿物聚合反应过程中主要以惰性填充方式存在 ,但仍然参与了聚合反应更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper systematically discussed the relationship between the compressive strength and the influential factors during geopolymerization of the gold tailing geopolymers. The samples were synthesized from 80% gold tailing, 20% metakaolin and 10 mol/L NaOH or KOH solution (with mass ratio of solid/liquid=4.7 and mass ratio of water/alkaline=5). It was found that the compressive strength of the geopolymers was enhanced by raising temperatures from 60 to 80℃,molding pressures from 8, 16 to 24 MPa and hardening time from 24 to 72 h. The compressive strength of the samples increased continuously with increase of staying time in air, which is related to obtaining water from air. Under the same mass ratio of solid/liquid and the same mole ratio of (Na 2 O or Na 2O+K 2 O)/SiO 2 , the effect of KOH on compressive strength of the geopolymers was more effective than NaOH. And with increase of K 2 O and Na 2 O in alkaline solutions, the compressive strength arose and reached to the climax when the mole ratio of Na 2 O/SiO 2 or Na 2O+ K 2 O/SiO 2 equals one. It was proved that fillings participated in geopolymerization although they were much lower in solubility than metakaolin in alkaline solutions. And it was found that the geopolymers containing more potassium feldspars had higher compressive strength than those with quartzes or containing fewer potassium feldspars.更多还原