【摘要】 目的　观察低浓度镉 (39μmol L)处理长江华溪蟹 (Sinopotamonyangtsekiense)后 ,其肝胰腺细胞超微结构的变化。　方法　实验组 30只雄蟹培养在浓度为 39μmol L的氯化镉 (CdCl2 )溶液中 ;对照组 30只雄蟹培养在已放置 2d的自来水中 ,分别在镉处理后 5d、15d、30d三个不同时间段活体解剖雄蟹 ,电镜下观察肝胰腺细胞超微结构。　结果　镉对肝胰腺细胞内的主要细胞器影响表现为 :核膜从弥散状到最后解体 ;线粒体膜通透性改变 ,肿胀变形 ,嵴减少或消失 ,最后完全空泡化 ;粗面内质网先裂解为大小不同的小泡 ,尔后小泡上的核糖体开始脱落 ,直至变成同心圆状板层结构 ;出现大量滑面内质网 ;溶酶体数量随镉处理时间的延长而增多 ,形成空泡、自噬体或髓样体 ;微绒毛出现脱落和部分空泡化。　结论　镉使长江华溪蟹肝胰腺细胞的解毒功能丧失 ,破坏了肝胰腺细胞的细胞核、线粒体、粗面内质网等主要细胞器的结构与功能的完整性 ,影响了肝胰腺细胞的正常生理机能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective After an experimental exposure to low dosage of Cd 2+(39*!μmol/L) for 30 days,the changes of Cd 2+ on ultrastructure of the hepatopancreas cells of the freshwater crab (Sinopotamon yangtsekiense♂)at three different times were studied. Methods Sixty freshwater crabs(♂)were divided into two groups:control(n=30) and test(n=30)groups.The test(n=30) group was exposed to low dosage of Cd 2+(39*!μmol/L)while the control crabs were in water without cadmium.During the 5*!d,15*!d,30*!d,the ultrastructure of the hepatopancreas cells was observed by using transmission electro-microscopy(TEM). Results In the course of the experiment,the nuclear membrane changed from spreading all over the place to disintegrated,and the penetration of the mitochondrial outer membrane and inner membrane was changed.The mitochondria showed swelling and vacuolating.Mitochondrial cristae partly disintegrated,then fully disintegrated.Besides,the Cd 2+ exposure affected the gross form and the structure of the rough endoplasmic reticulum(RER).At first,the RER became the different sized vesicles,then,the ribosomes on the little vesicles began to fall,and finally,the RER turned to the concentric round lamellar structures.But the smooth endoplasmic reticulum(SER)increased markedly.In addition,the numbers and types of lysosome were increased in the mean time and some lysosomes became void vesicles,the autophagosomes or the myeloid bodies(MD).The microvilli showed partly falling and vacuolating.Conclusion After the cadmium treatment the detoxification mechanism of the freshwater crab’s hepatopancreas cells lost,the structural and functional integrality of the mostly organelles,such as the nucleous,the mitochondria and the rough endoplasmic reticulum,were destroyed,so that the normal physiological function of hepatopancreas cells was affected.更多还原