【摘要】 建筑物能耗在总能耗中占有很大比例,采用新型节能的建筑材料可以带来明显的节能效果。采用热经济学的方法,综合考虑建筑物能量消耗和墙体造价,建立了建筑物墙体材料的选择和墙体厚度的优化的数学模型,确定了选择墙体材料的判据以及最佳墙体厚度的计算式。针对西安地区的气候条件,对实心粘土砖、空心粘土砖、加气混凝土砌块和混凝土岩棉复合板4种墙体材料进行了计算和比较。由于在墙体的年度总费用中,能量费用占有较大的份额,性能/价格比较好的材料更适宜,同时墙体厚度略高于目前采用的值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Building energy consumption accounts for a big proportion in the total energy consumption. Using new materials can result in obvious energy-saving effects. In this paper, themoeconomic method is used, which can consider both energy performance and economic effects. An objective function is established, including a criterion for choosing suitable wall materials and a simple equation to determine the thickness of the wall. According to the weather in Xi’an city, heating is needed in winter and air conditioning is needed in summer. Four wall materials, solid clay brick, hollow clay brick, aerated concrete block, and concrete and rock fiber compound plank, are chosen to study. The results show that the materials with a low product of heat conductivity and the unit building cost are more economic to the users. Since the energy cost accounts for a higher proportion in the total annual cost of the building wall, the optimal wall thickness is a little higher than the current-using value.更多还原