【摘要】 随着HTS装置在诸如移动通信领域的商业化和应用于空间和军事的远红外线的装置的发展 ,亟需工作在 40～ 60K结构紧凑 ,高可靠性的低温制冷机 .线性压力波发生器驱动的脉冲管制冷机低温部分无运动部件 ,因此具有获得高可靠性和长寿命的潜力 .我们早先的工作集中在线性驱动的小型同轴脉冲管制冷机上 ,在 80K有几百毫瓦的制冷量 ,在此基础上 ,我们正在研究新型脉冲管制冷机装置 ,它能工作在更低温度 ,具有更大制冷量 ,目前在输入功率 2 4 0W的情况下 ,最低制冷温度为 43K(水冷 )和 48K(风冷 ) ,60K时有 1 .5～ 2W的制冷量 .此外我们实验室正在研究的压力波发生器通过板弹簧支撑的移动线性驱动线圈 ,它们的最大扫气容积为 2、4、5和 1 0cm3 .两种类型的脉冲管冷头结构即同轴和U型结构正被采用 ,以满足不同的应用 .这些制冷机的研究现状将在本文中介绍 .更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the commercializing of HTS devices in the fields such as mobile communications and the development of far infrared devices for space and military applications, there arises a strong demand for compact and reliable cryocoolers working at 40～80K. The pulse tube cryocooler driven by a linear compressor has the potential to achieve high reliability and very long lifetime because of the absence of moving parts at low temperature. On the basis of our previous work focused on miniature co-axial linear driven pulse tube cryocoolers with a few hundred mini-Watts of cooling power at 80K, we are trying to develop a new series of pulse tube cryocoolers working at lower temperatures and with larger cooling powers. We achieved the lowest temperature of 43K(water cooling) and 48K(air cooling) with the input power of 240W and it can provide about 1～2W at 60K. The pressure wave generators being developed in our laboratory uses a moving coil linear motor supported by flexure springs. Their maximum swept volumes are 2, 4, 5, and 10cm3. Two types of pulse tube cold head configuration, i.e. the coaxial and the U-shape, are adopted to fit for different applications. The present status of development for these coolers is presented in this paper.更多还原