【摘要】 目的　探讨我院烧伤患者医院感染的发生率、菌群分布、耐药菌谱、易感部位和预防手段 ,为临床诊断和治疗提供理论指导。方法　采用前瞻性研究和回顾性调查相结合的方法分析我院 2 0 0 0至 2 0 0 1两年间烧伤患者的临床资料和病原学特征并进行统计学处理。结果　烧伤病房医院感染发生率为 7.2 1%。烧伤医院感染病原菌以革兰氏阴性菌为主 ,其中铜绿假单胞菌占 3 3 .3 3 % ,肺炎克雷伯氏菌占 17.74% ,大肠埃希氏菌占 10 .78%、阴沟肠杆菌占 8.82 %。其次是革兰氏阳性球菌 ,以金黄色葡萄球菌为主 ,占 16.67%。易感部位依次是烧伤创面占 81.73 % ,下呼吸道占12 .5 0 % ,血液系统占 2 .88%和消化系统占 0 .96%。医院感染病原菌普遍存在多重耐药。结论　烧伤病房医院感染发生率为 7.2 1% ,以革兰氏阴性菌为主。烧伤创面是主要的易感部位。应针对烧伤医院感染的特点采取相应措施防治医院感染。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To provide the theory instructions for the diagnosis and the treatment of the patients with burn infections, we investigated the incidence of nosocomial infections, distributions of bacteria, bacterium spectrum of drug-resistant, suscepibility to infections and prophylaxis methods in patients with burn in burn center.Methods We used the prospective and retrospective study to analyze the clinical data and the characteristics of the microorganisms in patients with burn from 2000 through 2001 in burn ward of our hospital. The relative data obtained were performed by the statistical methods. Results The incidence of nosocomial infections was 7.21%. The etiological bacterium was mainly Gram-negative bacteria. The Pseudomonas, Klebsiella pneumonias, E. coli and Enterobacter cloacae accounted for 33.33%,12.74%,10.78%,8.82%, respectively. The Gram-positive bacteria were mainly staphylococcus aureus, which accounted for 16.67%. The loci of nosocomial infections were burn wound, lower respiratory tract, blood system and digestive system, which accounted for 81.73%,12.50%,2.88%,0.96%,respectively. Microorganisms of nosocomial infections was mainly multi-drug resistant bacteria.Conclusion The incidence of nosocomial infections was 7.21%. The etiological bacterium was mainly Gram-negative bacteria. The locus of nosocomial infections was dominantly burn wound. Effective measures of preventing and controlling infection should be taken according to these characteristics to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection in patients with burn in burn center.更多还原