【摘要】 目的　了解医院感染现状 ,分析医院感染相关因素 ,提出加强医院感染管理的措施。方法　以某天0点至 2 4点为时段 ,采用病人实际状况调查和病历调查相结合的方法。结果　 2 4h内所有病例中发现医院感染者 2 6人 ,医院感染现患率为 2 .74 %。肿瘤科现患率最高 (12 .0 0 % ) ,其次为老干内科 (11.11% )和神经外科 (4 .0 8% )。医院感染部位构成中 ,以呼吸道感染所占比重最高 ,达 6 5 .38%。医院感染相关因素中 ,年龄 (<2岁和 >6 0岁 )、气管切开、使用免疫抑制剂、激素和放疗、化疗 ,均是医院感染的危险因素。结论　加强病房管理 ,减少陪护人员及流动人员 ,加强无菌技术操作和消毒管理 ,是降低医院感染率的重要措施 ,应将肿瘤科、老干内科和神经外科作为医院感染的重点监控科室 ;重点监控人群应为婴幼儿和老年患者、恶性肿瘤患者、接受免疫抑制剂治疗的患者更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective to investigate the current status of nosocomial infection, analyze the factors related to the infection and put forward suggestions to strengthen nosocomial infection management. Methods The nosocomial infection status of 950 in-patients was investigated with questionnaire combined with looking over their medical history records on June 28, 2001. Results Twenty-six patients with nosocomial infection were identified. The rate was 2.74%. The rate in the department of oncology was the highest on the list (12.00%), followed by the department of internal medicine for the elderly officials (11.11%) and the department of neurology (4.08%). As to the infected sites, the infection in the respiratory tract reached the highest (up to 65.38%). Among the related factors, age, history of tracheal surgery, the use of immunosupressives or dexemathosones, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were all risk ones. Conclusions Enhancing administration of wards, reducing accompanying relatives and non-medical staff members, strengthening sterilization and disinfection .was the crucial measures to depress nosocomial infenction. The departments of oncology, internal medicine for the elderly and neurology should be brought into the surveillance for the control. Neonates, the elderly, the tumor sufferers and the patients receiving immunosupressives should be the key population of the surveillance.更多还原