【摘要】 沉积速率是河口海岸沉积环境的重要参数。对于河口海岸地质历史时期沉积速率的研究 ,大多采用 1 4C年龄值计算 ;现代河口海岸沉积速率的研究方法较多 ,常见的有河流输沙法、海图对比法、GIS法、放射性同位素测年法等。1 4C法结合考古、孢粉等方法 ,能比较真实地反映河口海岸地质历史时期的沉积速率。对于现代河口海岸沉积 ,由于 GIS和 DEM方法的发展和计算机功能的支持 ,使海图对比的方法克服了手工带来的误差 ,目前仍然是一种可以使用的方法。放射性同位素 2 1 0 Pb、1 37Cs、2 39,2 4 0 Pu法使沉积速率的计算趋于定量化。在一定时间区域范围内 ,多种同位素测年同时运用 ,相互印证 ,从而使河口现代沉积速率更加准确更多还原

【Abstract】 Sedimentation rate is an important parameter in sedimentation environment.It can be obtained through several calculation methods.The method of conventional 14 C and AMS dating is used in the study of sedimentation rates in geological history in estuarine and coastal areas.The other methods such as the comparison of sea charts,the calculation of river sediment discharge,GIS, 210 Pb, 137 Cs,and 239,240 Pu dating are used to calculate the modern sedimentary rates of estuarine and coastal environment.By studying the theories,features,advantages and disadvantages of those methods,it is made clear that the method of 14 C dating is one practicable and plausible method when it connects with other methods such as pollen and archaeology.The method of comparison of sea charts supported by computer eliminates the errors that are brought by handwork and is an effective method to corroborate the sedimentation rate. 210 Pb method is a half quantity method due to the influences caused by the complex factors in estuarine and coastal environment.In order to confirm the real sedimentation rate in modern history of estuarine and coastal environment,it is necessary to date the time together with methods of several isotopes such as 210 Pb, 137 Cs and 239,240 Pu.更多还原