【摘要】 对藏东南冷杉原始森林的林外雨、林内雨、树干径流、壤中流、河流、溪水等各种形态的水质元素含量进行了对比分析 ,结果表明 :林外雨的泥沙含量最少 ,为 5 .6 7mg/L ;滑坡山体流出水的泥沙含量最高 ,达 393.33mg/L ;树干径流、林内雨中的泥沙含量高出林外雨 94%和 5 2 %,林外壤中流的泥沙含量高出林内壤中流 31%。冷杉原始林下土壤呈微酸性 ,河道中的水呈微碱性。降雨透过沼泽地土层后 ,除pH值未变 ,SO2 -4 、C、P三种物质含量减少外 ,其余各元素及泥沙含量都大量增加 ,其中HCO-3 增加了 2 0倍 ,Fe增加到 1.5倍。整个冷杉原始森林生态系统中的HCO-3 、CL-、N(硝氮、氨氮 )、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe等离子和元素的输入量小于输出量 ,致使部分营养成分流失 ;SO2 -4 离子、C、P、K、Cu、Zn等元素被土壤和凋落物层吸附、滞留 ,输出量小于输入量 ,营养成分积累。降雪中的各元素含量均表现为林外高于林内。更多还原

【Abstract】 Through water quality contrasting analyses of the outer rainfall, inner rainfall, trunk runoff, runthrough, river, stream and so on of fir origin forests in Southeast Tibet, it shows: the muddy sand content of the outer rainfall is the least, which is 5.67 mg/L; that of the outflow down the hill slope is the highest, which is 393.33 mg/L; that of the trunk runoff and the inner rainfall is respectively 94% and 52% higher than that of the outer rainfall; that of the outer runoff is 31% higher than that of the inner; the soil in the fir origin forest is micro-acid and the water in the river course is micro-alkaline; after the rainfall passes through the marsh soil, the content of the other elements and muddy sand increases enormously except that the pH value doesn’t change, and the content of SO 2- 4, C and P decreases, in the course of this, HCO - 3 increases 20 times, Fe, which has increased in the smallest range, has increased 1.5 times; concerning the whole forest ecosystem, the input of HCO - 3, Cl -, N(NO - 3, NH + 4), Na, Ca, Mg, Fe is less than the output, so a part of the nutrients flows out; SO 2- 4, C, P, K, Cu, Zn and so on are reserved by the soil and litter, that is, the output is less than the input, so the nutrients are accumulated; the outer content of the elements in the snowfall appears higher than that of the inner.更多还原