【摘要】 ①目的　探讨膈淋巴管的发育及淋巴管小孔与腹腔直接通连的过程。②方法　应用组织化学、氢氧化钾腐蚀、扫描电镜及透射电镜观察等方法 ,对 174只Wistar大鼠膈淋巴管的发育过程进行了观察。③结果　胚胎第 16天 ,膈淋巴管首先出现在膈胸腔面的两侧部 ,此阶段内皮细胞含有大量的粗面内质网、线粒体、高尔基体和少量的吞饮泡。胚胎第 18天 ,淋巴管内开始出现瓣膜。生后第 4 2天 ,集合淋巴管长有平滑肌。胚胎第 19天 ,膈的腹腔面开始出现淋巴管。随着年龄增长 ,胸腔面的淋巴管发出枝芽互相连接形成多角形淋巴管网 ,腹腔面的淋巴管形成梯形网。生后第 0天 ,膈淋巴管小孔开始开孔于腹腔 ,此阶段以后 ,淋巴管小孔急剧增加直至生后第 70天。④结论　Wistar大鼠膈淋巴管出现于胚胎期 ;出生后 ,膈淋巴管开始具有运送腹腔液体的功能更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective\ To study the development of the lymphatic system in the rat diaphragm and the process of its direct connection to the peritoneal cavity. \ Methods\ Histochemistry, KOH maceration, scanning and transmission electron microscopy were applied and the process of development of the lymphatic system in 174 Wistar rat diaphragms was observed. \ Results\ On embryonic day 16, distinct lymphatics were noted in the diaphragmatic periphery of subpleural space. The endothelial cells at this stage contained abundance of rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and developed Golgi apparatus, but fewer pinocytotic vesicles than those in adults. The subpleural lymphatics subsequently increased and formed a polygonal network. On embryonic day 18, many valves appeared in the lymphatics, and by postnatal day 42, some thick collecting lymphatics became endowed with smooth muscle cells. On embryonic day 19, some lymphatics appeared in the subperitoneal space. They extended centripetally and had the lateral projections that subsequently became elongated and connected with those from adjacent lymphatics, forming a lattice like network. On postnatal day 0, the lymphatic stomata began opening to the peritoneal cavity and connected the lymphatic lacunae to the peritoneal cavity. The lymphatic stomata quickly increased until postnatal day 70. \ Conclusion\ The diaphragmatic lymphatics appear on embryonic period; after birth the diaphragmatic lymphatics possess the function for transporting peritoneal fluid.更多还原