【摘要】 三个实验 ,考察了在理解含有指代法表述的句子过程中 ,指代者对其先行词 (即所指者 )的可提取性的影响及其与先述参与者可提取性上的优势之间的关系。结果表明 :( 1)指代者对所指者的激活有促进作用 ,对非所指者有一定的抑制作用 ,从而提高了所指者的可提取性 ;( 2 )指代者对所指者和非所指者的这种作用有一定的时间进程 ;( 3 )指代者对所指者产生作用的时间进程随指代法表述的特性而变化 ;( 4 )句子先述参与者在可提取性上的优势是一种较普遍的认知现象。它与指代法表述中所指者的易提取性现象是一种动态的关系 ,指代法表述或者增强先述参与者可提取性的优势 ,或者会消除这种优势更多还原

【Abstract】 Three experiments were conducted to examine the effects of anaphors on accessibility of their antecedents (referents) and the relation between the effects and advantage for first mentioned participants in processing of Chinese sentences containing anaphoric expression. The experimental results showed: (1) First mentioned participants were easier to be accessed than second mentioned participants. This advantage of accessibility for first mentioned participants is a common cognitive phenomenon; (2) Anaphors not only facilitated the activation level of their referents but also inhibited nonreferents in some degree, thus enhanced accessibility of their referents; (3) In processing sentences containing anaphoric expression the relation between the advantage of first mentioned participants and the accessibility of the referents was dynamic. If the first mentioned participant was a referent and the second mentioned participant was a nonreferent in an anaphoric expression, the advantage of accessibility of first mentioned participant was strengthened, otherwise, the advantage of first mentioned was nullified; (4) The experiments showed that at 550 ms delay after the pronoun, the facilitation effect of anaphors on their referents appeared, but the effect was not founded at 350 ms delay. So there was a time course of appearing facilitation effect. (5) The facilitation effects for the activation level of referents changed depending on properties of anaphoric expression. When the anaphor was a repeated name the facilitation effect was stronger and appeared earlier.更多还原