【摘要】 学生在学习中面对挫折的时候，通常有两种应付方式：进取和退缩，相应地产生了两种思维模式：掌握取向模式和无助模式；这两种思维模式的不同表现及其影响因素与孩子的成就目标、能力观、父母的家庭教育方式得当与否有着极为密切的关系，而且儿童从幼年起就表现出了这两种模式的个体差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Students generally make use of two coping styles - advance and flinch, which asso- ciated with two thinking patterns - mastery-oriented pattern and helpless pattern, when they are confronted with learning setbacks. This paper investigated the different features of these two coping styles and the factors which influenced students to make choices. We concluded that there are very condensed relations between the formation of these two coping styles and pupils’ different achievement orientation, the view of their abilities, and parents’ different edu- cation styles within family. In addition, children showed the individual differences of the two styles from very early stage.更多还原