【摘要】 科学理论作为对客观实在的描述和反映 ,包含有不依人的意志为转移的客观真理 ,但同时也渗透着与客观实在不符合的成分。证实主义把科学问题和证实问题联系起来 ,其方法具有开拓视野的作用。证实主义最大的困难和错误是把证实当作一个逻辑问题来处理。实践上 ,科学的普遍性问题的证实仅靠一些个别事实的列举是不能做到的 ,其中演绎法是不可或缺的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The scientific theories, as reflection and description of the objective reality, contain the objective truths that are independent of man’s will, but at the same time they also contain some elements that do not tally with the objective reality. Positivism relates scientific problems and their verification, and its methods can widen our vision. The greatest difficulty and error of positivism are that it takes verification as a logical problem. In practice, the verification of the universal problems in science can not be obtained by some individual instances. The deductive method is indispensable in the verification of the universal problems in science.更多还原