【摘要】 本研究利用随机扩增多态性ＤＮＡ（ＰＡＰＤ）技术对磨芋（魔芋）属内野生种和栽培种共２０份材料进行基因组ＤＮＡ多态性分析，用３４个随机引物扩增，有２３个扩增出的产物电泳图谱较清晰，共获得２６６个位点（ＤＮＡ片段），其中２５９个具有多态性。供试材料所用 ２３个引物的扩增声物都存在种间多态性，７个引物扩增出的产物中有 １１条 ＤＮＡ片段在花磨芋种内样品（系统）间也存在多态性。以 ＲＡＰＤ标记资料计算获得的遗传相似系数 （Ｊａｃｃａｒｄ相似系数，Ｓｊ）进行 ＵＰＧＭＡ 聚类分析，结果表明：花磨芋种内系统间差异最小，Ｓｊ系数在０．９７～１．００间；两份甜磨芋材料间没有差异，Ｓｊ为１．００。在已知的种间，两个栽培种花磨芋和甜魔芋间亲缘关系最近，Ｓｊ在０．８３～０．８５间，与另一个栽培种白魔芋间亲缘关系都较远，Ｓｊ在０．６２～０．６６间，栽培种与野生种间亲缘关系都较远，Ｓｊ在０．４８～０．６４间。在野生种中，结节磨芋与栽培种系统间关系最远，Ｓｊ在０．４８－０．５４间，未定名 ４个野生种Ｓｊ在０．６４～０．８９间，系统Ａ．ｓｐ０５与 Ａ．ｓｐ０６关系最近，Ｓｊ为０．８９，其次是Ａ．ｓｐ０１与Ａ．ｓｐ＊，Ｓｊ为０．７３。根据亲缘关系树状更多还原

【Abstract】 Genetic diversity among 20 strains including cultivated and wild specimens of Amorphaphollus was analyzed by RAPD markers. Among the total 266 sites amplified by 23 primers (selected from 34 primers), 259 appeared to be polymorphism (97.4%). 11 RAPD sites showed polymorphism among the cultivated varieties (swains) of Amorphaphollus konjac. Cluster analysis based on the RAPD data was carried out by means of the genetic similarity coefficients (Jaccard coefficients. Sj) from 0 to 1. The genetic similarity coefficient among varieties (strains) was in the range of 0.97- 1.00 within A. konjac. Among cultivated species examined, the relationship between A. konjac and A. dunnii was closer with Sj of 0.83 to 0.85, these two species were farther from A. albus with Sj of 0.62-0.66. The relationship between cultivated species and wild species was farther with Sj of 0.48-0.64. Within wild species examined, the relationship between strain A. sp05 and A. sp06 was the closest with Sj of 0.89, strain A. sp01 and A. sp* were closer with Sj of 0.73. The A. pingbianensis was the farthest from cultivated species with Sj of 0.48-0.54. 20 samples could be separated into 2 clusters, wild species and cultivated species just, in the case of Sj coefficients ranging from 0.55 to 0.60.更多还原