【摘要】 哈耶克区别了自发的秩序和人造的秩序两种不同的概念 ,认为自发的秩序使社会内容更加丰富、使分散于个体的知识得到利用、使个人得以自由发展。他的这一思想源于亚当·斯密等人的古典自由主义思想及从伯克到斯宾塞、门格尔等人的进化观 ,成为哈耶克新自由主义的核心观念 ,在西方引起了很大的反响。而马克思认为自发秩序只是一种过渡性阶段 ,人类社会必须超越自发秩序 ,以获得社会和个人真正自由的发展更多还原

【Abstract】 Hayek distinguished between “the spontaneous order” and “the man made order”,and thought that the spontaneous order could diversify the society,utilize the separate knowledge of the individuals,and realize people’s free developments.This thought derived from the classical liberal ideas such as Adam Smith and the evolutionism from Burke to Spencer,Menger,etc.lt became the core conception of Hayek’s neoliberalism,and had great repercussion in the western world.Marx regarded the spontaneous order as a transitional stage,and concluded that it must be surpassed so as to achieve the truly free developments of the society and the individuals.更多还原