【摘要】 <正> 1 引言软件测试是人们发现、纠正、预防软件错误以及完善软件功能的重要手段。软件测试的目的就是为了发现程序中的错误。对于传统程序设计语言书写的软件,软件测试人员普遍接受三个级别的测试:单元测试、集成测试和系统测试。无论在哪个级别上进行测试,其测试过程均为输入测试数据、处理和验证输出结果三个步骤。目前面向对象软件开发技术发展迅速,但面向对象软件测试技术的研究还相对薄弱。例如,对面向对象的程序测试应当分为多少级尚未达成共识。基于结构的传统集成策略并不适于面向对象的程序。这是因为面向对象的程序的执行实际上是执行一个由消息连接起来的方法序列,而这个方法序列往往是由外部事件驱动的,在面向对象语言中,虽然信息隐藏和封装使得类具有较好的独立性,有利于提高软件的易测试性和保证软件的质量,但是,这些机制与继承机制和更多还原

【Abstract】 It is well acknowledged that quality of software has a higher priority than the performance and functions of software. One of the ways to get high-quality software is to get more efficient software-testing techniques. Theory and technology of software quality assurance are an important part of software developing methodology and software engineering. Software testing plays a key role in software quality assurance. The purpose of the essay is to search for new software testing method and to solve some problems in testing of object-oriented program. We also try to amend some deficiency in the traditional test method for structured programs. By the idea of program slicing, we can disassemble the source code of a program into several slices following certain rules. Instead of testing the whole program, we can test these slices. We can also guarantee the equivalence of the two ways. Testing on the base of program slicing has several advantages than the one simply using data flow analysis and control flow analysis. The first, because a program equals to the union of its slices, to test all of the slices makes a complete test of the program, and to test each slice which is related to the interested variables is actually a complete test of the requirement test. Then we solve the problem of sufficiency in traditional structured program testing and object-oriented program testing as well. The second, program slicing technique can be applied to the testing of both structured programs and object-oriented ones.更多还原