【摘要】 激励是指通过了解人的需要，激发人的内在动机，使其朝向所期望的目标前进的　心理活动过程，亦即激发、调动人的积极性的过程。人是领导活动中最重要的资源。人的积　极性是以合理的需要得到满足为基础的，是由受需要所制约的动机所推动的，是受一定形式　的激励所激发的。激励是领导工作的一个极为重要的部分，创设与人的需求相适应的外在诱　因，是激励工作的切入点。因此，领导者要做好激励工作，必须遵循　“各尽所能、按劳分　配”、满足需要与承担义务相结合、满足需要与生产力水平相适应和正确处理国家、集体、　个人三者利益关系等领导激励的基本原则以及掌握好需要激励、工作激励、目标激励、榜样　激励等领导激励的基本方法，注重各种激励方式有机结合，并贯穿于整个管理过程之中，这　是有效激励的主要途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Encouragement refers to the kind of psychological process in which man ’s needs are understood and internal motives are stimulated so as to achieve the goal as expected. Man is the most important source of leadership activity. His enthusiasm is created when his reasonable needs are satisfied and is also promot ed when his motives are restricted to the needs and aroused by certain forms of encouragement. Encouragement is an important part of leadership work. Therefore, leaders should go to great length to do it well. They must follow the socialist principle of distribution and go by some other principles such as the combinati on of needs satisfaction with obligation undertaking, the adjustment of needs sa tisfaction to the level of productive forces, and the correct handling of relati ons between the state, the collective and the individual. They must also master the basic skill of leadership encouragement such as needs encouragement, work en couragement, goal encouragement and example encouragement, pay attention to the combination of the various kinds of encouragement and use them in the whole proc ess of management.更多还原