【摘要】 在研究富钴结壳的地质构造背景时 ,发现富钴结壳的形成与板内地幔柱活动有关 ,并与基岩类型和基岩的风化程度有关。由于现代分析测试技术的进步 ,对富钴结壳的结构构造、矿物组成和地球化学特征的研究正在逐渐深入 ,特别是各种微区观察测试技术和新的同位素年代学方法的应用 ,使富钴结壳的高分辨率剖面研究取得了长足的发展。以此为基础 ,生长速率缓慢、在无沉积物时期生长的富钴结壳近年来被尝试用于古海洋学和全球变化的研究 ,它不但能反映千万年级的环境变化 ,而且能弥补深海沉积物所不能反映的沉积间断期的历史 ,因此正成为该领域研究中的一个热点。在富钴结壳的成矿物质来源方面 ,逐渐认识到包括火山、热液和低温水岩反应等在内的内源物质供应的重要性。在结壳的成因机制研究方面发现微生物在结壳的形成过程中起到了主要作用更多还原

【Abstract】 Cobalt rich crust is one of the most potentially valuable mineral resources. This article introduces the details in progress of the Co rich crust research achieved in recent years. From the viewpoint of resources, the exploration region of Co rich crust is enlarged significantly in recent years. Meanwhile, the Co rich crust embedded below the sediments on seamounts is also found. Based on the geological and tectonic setting’s research, the genesis of Co rich crust is interpreted to be related with the action of intense intraplate mantle plume. The thickness of the Co rich crusts is also related with the types of basement rocks and with the weathering degree of the basement rocks. Due to the progress of modern analysis techniques, the research on the Co rich crusts structures, mineral compositions and geochemistry has been deepened gradually. Especially on account of the microcosmic observation and test techniques and some new chronological methods, the research on resolution sections of the Co rich crust has made great progress. Based on this, Co rich crusts with lower growth rate and during the stage with no or few sediments are used to study the paleooceanographical features and the global changes. Ten million years’ scale changes of oceanic environment and the history of deposit gap can be reflected by studying the Co rich crusts, which is impossible for the pelagic sediments. In the aspect of material source for the Co rich crusts, the importance of the endogeneic materials from volcanoes, hydrothermal fluids, and low temperature water basalt interactions etc, is gradually recognized. It is found that microbes play an important role in the formation of Co rich crusts. Finally, the directions of future development in this aspect are forecasted in this paper.更多还原