【摘要】 小说叙事学认为小说存在“故事时间”和“叙事时间”。从背景的角度看 ,传统或常规的小说设置时间的方式主要是明指和暗示。非常规的时间设置则表现出复杂性 :作者往往突破物理时间定向、稳速流逝的规则 ,运用心理时间将故事时序弄乱 ,或者制造狭义和广义的故事时间的“暂停”或“流驶”。将心理时间引入叙事 ,显示了时间在人的生命中的意义 ,为扩展小说背景创造了无限的可能性。只有把握准心理时间种种复杂的变化 ,才能了解小说提供的真正具有背景意义的时间及其所负载的历史与时代的内涵更多还原

【Abstract】 According to narratology, a novel has its story time and narrative time. Conventionally there are two ways in setting time as background in a novel:expressing and hint. Unconventional time setting is very complicated-the author is likely to upset the story with psycho time, or create the “pause” or “elapse” of story time in narrow or broad sense, neglecting the physical law of time. The psycho time in narratation displays the significance of time to life and make it possible to enlarge the background. Only by graping the complicated changes of psycho time, can we understand the background significance of the set time and its historical connotation.更多还原