【摘要】 198 1年在我国 3个气候带 7个试验点开展火炬松全分布区种源试验。试验目的是找出火炬松种源地理变异规律 ,综合评选出适合不同气候的优良种源 ,达到“适地、适树、适种源”。试验采取 9株小区、6次重复、种源与树种对比同时进行 ,即有产自美国 1 0个州的种源各 1个及福建南屿林场次生种源 ,用湿地松 (S— 8)及当地马尾松作对照 ;采用 5～ 8个月苗龄容器育苗造林。试验结果表明 ,火炬松种源差异显著 ;种源高生长与原产地最低温度呈显著相关。种源 (树高 )与地点互作虽呈极显著 ,但地点方差变异占 98% ,种源×立地的方差仅占 0 5 % ,即可在各气候带选出一些共同优良种源。树种对比试验表明在南亚热带低丘、岗地及沿海沙地应发展湿地松为主 ,在东部沿海海拔 35 0m以上低山可发展马尾松与火炬松 ;在中亚热带可发展湿地松及火炬松 ;在北亚热带应发展火炬松 ,因火炬松生长较湿地松快且耐寒。火炬松沿海种源 (包括墨西哥湾利文斯通种源 )生长较快、适应性强、较稳定 ,可适合我国广大亚热带沿海地区 ,在北亚热带北部及暖温带南部可采用美国西部 (阿肯色州 )及内陆种源 ,因南部种源不耐寒更多还原

【Abstract】 Loblolly pine is the most widely planted southern pines for timber and pulp production in the southern United States. In China, loblolly pine was introduced more than 60 years. To identify the sources best suited for the diversity of climates and sites being planted in China, as well as to initiate tree improvement programs of genetically adapted plant material, provenance studies were started in 1981. This paper summarize the 15\|year results at 6 locations of the 1981 trial. Seeds of loblolly pine was obtained from the Forest Tree Seed Center, USDA Forest Service, Macon, GA (Tab.1). They were of unimproved origin and were identified by state and county. Latitudes and longitude in the tables are for the centers of the counties; mean annual and rainfalls are from reporting stations closest to the county centers. Containerized seedlings were outplanted at about 5～8\|month\|old in six\|tree row plots with 9 replications. Side\|by side plantings of the 2 species were repeated 6 locations. Spacing was 3?m×2?m. One slash pine provenance (S\|8, Tayor Co.FL) and a local lot of the indigenous Masson pine( P.massoniana ) were included with each pine loblolly pine replication. In addition, one \!land race" loblolly pine source(L\|11,Minhou, Fujian) was included with each loblolly pine replication. \;Results of the provenance test showed that there were significant variation between different seed sources of loblolly pine. There were significant correlation between the height growth and the minimum temperature of the seed origin.The seed source by location interaction of the 11 provenances planted at 7 locations for loblolly pine was highly significant for height and diameter. Even though the interaction term was highly significant for height and diameter, 98% of the variation in the performance for loblolly pine was accounted for by location, 1.2% of seed source and seed source×location only 0.5%. This leaves very little of the variation (height) to be accounted for by the interaction and error terms. It means common best loblolly pine seed sources could be chosen.Coastal plains of loblolly pine seed sources grow fast, widely adapted could be used in our vast subtropical regions. In northern subtropical region and southern warm temperate region, western seed sources(Arkansas) and inland seed sources could be used, because southern seed sources are not cold resistant.Species comparison showed that in our southern subtropical, including low hills and coast sand soil, slash pine could be planted. In central subtropical region, both loblolly and slash pine could be planted. In northern subtropical region, loblolly pine could be planted, because loblolly pine grows faster and more resistant cold to than slash pine there.更多还原